How to make you PC Dual Boot Linux and windows

For past few years I have been using Linux (Fedora). When I decided to use Linux the first thing came in my mind is how to make my PC dual boot for both windows and Linux. Though one method was simple I allowed the grub loader to install in my MBR (master boot record) and there I chose  lable "other" as default.

Though that was the most simple thing to do but later I faced a problem. When I tried to boot my pc with windows xp bootable CD it did't booted with that. That was because there was grub loader in MBR.

So later I searched for Installing Fedora or other Linux without installing GRUB in MBR. So by default the windows loader NTLDR should detect the linux partion and it should boot your linux with it. The the problem is that you NTLDR can't detect linux partion. So basically you have to copy a file in your windows partion.

There are few methods to do it :-

• 1# Use dd to copy GRUB stage1 to a binary file:- Install Fedora and choose the boot loader option to install GRUB in the first sector of the Fedora boot partition (see attachment). Fedora will not boot at first. In linux rescue (see attachment), use the dd command to copy GRUB stage1 located in the first sector of the Fedora boot partition to a binary file in the Windows root directory. Then manually edit boot.ini (see attachment) to add a new entry for Fedora to the Windows boot menu to launch the binary file. 

• After Fedora is installed...
• Boot with the Fedora DVD into linux rescue.
• At the command prompt, enter:
  
  

  dd if=/dev/sdxy of=fedora.bin bs=512 count=1

  
  
  
• NOTE: You change x & y to the drive & partition of the Fedora boot partition with stage1. You may also change the name of the output file to whatever you choose.
  
  
• Copy the binary file to a floppy or a partition that Windows can access (see attachment).
• Exit linux rescue and reboot into Windows.
• Copy the binary file to C:\ where boot.ini is also located.
• Edit boot.ini to add a line similar to this:
  
  
  Code:
  

  c:\fedora.bin="Fedora"

  
  
  
• Reboot.
• How it looks on paper
  
  
  Code:
  

                                            boot.ini               /--> kernel
                                                      |                 / 
  BIOS --> Partition Loader --> Boot Sector Code --> ntldr --> XP Menu -----> kernel          grub.conf                  /--> kernel
             (Master Boot        (Volume Boot          |                \                         |                     / 
                Record)             Record)       ntdetect.com           \--> fedora.bin --> GRUB stage2 --> GRUB Menu -----> kernel
                                                                             (GRUB stage1)   (/boot/grub)               \ 
                                                              

   
  
  
• NOTE: This "dd method" sometimes doesn't work if the Fedora boot partition is not on the same drive as Windows. That can result in an incorrect boot drive number being specified in the code of the binary file at offset 40h. The hex values for the boot drive number are first=80h, second=81h, third=82h, and so on. If the value at offset 40h is FFh, that means that the stage1 program gets the boot drive number from BIOS, and that also could be wrong for the physical layout. The binary file can be edited with any hex editor to change the boot drive number when this happens. In the example below, the value for the boot drive number at offset 40h is FFh. The Fedora boot partition was on the second drive, and the binary file did not work to boot the Fedora system. The binary file was edited with ghex to change the boot drive number to 81h, and then it worked to boot the Fedora system.

•  2# BOOTPART:-
• Summary
  
  
  Install Fedora and choose the boot loader option to install GRUB in the first sector of the Fedora boot partition (see attachment). Fedora will not boot at first. Use BOOTPART in Windows to create a binary file containing code that loads and executes the boot sector code of the Fedora boot partition (stage1). BOOTPART also edits boot.ini to add a new entry for Fedora to the Windows boot menu to launch the binary file. BOOTPART is often useful when the dd-created binary file fails to work.
  
  
  The Steps
  
  After Fedora is installed...
• Reboot into Windows.
• Download BOOTPART from the Internet and unzip the files to your Windows Desktop.
• Open a Windows Command Prompt window. From here on, everything occurs in this window.
• Change directories to the Windows Desktop...
  
  
  Code:
  

  cd desktop

  
  
  
• Enter the command bootpart without any options and your partitions will be listed. Example...
  
  
  Code:
  

  C:\Documents and Settings\User\Desktop>bootpart
  
  Physical number of disk 0 : 9590e5ce
   0 : C:* type=b  (Win95 Fat32), size= 2008093 KB, Lba Pos=63
   1 : C:  type=5  (Extended), size= 18000832 KB, Lba Pos=4016250
   2 : C:  type=7  (HPFS/NTFS), size= 18000801 KB, Lba Pos=4016313
  Physical number of disk 1 : b4f03683
   3 : D:* type=7  (HPFS/NTFS), size= 80035798 KB, Lba Pos=63
  Physical number of disk 2 : 9a109a0
   4 : E:* type=83 (Linux native), size= 104391 KB, Lba Pos=63
   5 : E:  type=8e (Linux LVM), size= 38989755 KB, Lba Pos=208845

  
  
  
• Now enter the command again in this format...
  
  
  Code:
  

  bootpart [partition number] [filename] [title]

  [partition number] Get this from the output of your bootpart command without options in the previous step. In the above example, partition #4 is the Fedora boot partition and is easy to spot since it is listed as type=83 (Linux native) and the other Linux partition is an LVM physical volume. If there had been several type 83 partitions instead of the LVM PV, here are some clues to find the boot partition: a) it is usually the first type 83 Linux partition in the list, b) it is usually about 100000 KB in size, c) it may have an asterisk (*) by it indicating it is the active partition.
  
  
  [filename] This is the name to give the binary file to be created in the Windows root directory. It can be anything you want.
  
  [title] This the title of the Fedora OS in the Windows boot loader menu. It can be anything you want.
  
  
  
  
• Continuing with the example from above, the command could be like this...
  
  
  Code:
  

  bootpart 4 C:\fedora.bin "Fedora"

  
  
  
• Reboot.

How it looks on paper

Code:

boot.ini               /--> kernel
                                                    |                 / 
BIOS --> Partition Loader --> Boot Sector Code --> ntldr --> XP Menu -----> kernel                          grub.conf                  /--> kernel
           (Master Boot        (Volume Boot          |                \                                         |                     / 
              Record)             Record)       ntdetect.com           \--> fedora.bin --> GRUB stage1 --> GRUB stage2 --> GRUB Menu -----> kernel
                                                                            (BOOTPART)    (boot sector)    (/boot/grub)               \                                                     

•  #3: GRUB for DOS(my favorate)
  Summary
  
  
  Install Fedora and choose the boot loader option to install GRUB in the first sector of the Fedora boot partition (see attachment). Fedora will not boot at first. This method uses GRUB for DOS (aka GRUB4DOS) which is capable of launching the Fedora kernel directly without using any GNU GRUB stages. Even though Fedora's GRUB stages are not required for this method to work, there is still a benefit from choosing to install GRUB in the first sector of the Fedora boot partition. It causes a grub.conf file to be created for Fedora while still sparing the master boot record from changes. Having a grub.conf file is useful for copying menu commands to the GRUB for DOS menu.lst or for using the configfile menu command to launch Fedora. The stage1 code that is installed in the boot sector causes no harm sitting there unused.
  
  
  The Steps
  
  After Fedora is installed...
• Reboot into Windows.
• Download the GRUB4DOS zip file.
• Unzip the file and copy these files to C:\ (or the Windows root directory):
  
  
  
  
  1. grldr
  2. menu.lst
  
  
  
  
• Edit boot.ini (see attachment) to add a line similar to this:
  
  
  Code:
  

  c:\grldr="Start GRUB"

  
  
  
• Edit menu.lst to add sections for the Linux systems (and to tidy up for the many examples).
• Reboot.

How it looks on paper

Code:

boot.ini               /--> kernel
                                                    |                 /
BIOS --> Partition Loader --> Boot Sector Code --> ntldr --> XP Menu -----> kernel                /--> kernel
           (Master Boot        (Volume Boot          |                \                          /
              Record)             Record)       ntdetect.com           \--> grldr --> GRUB Menu -----> kernel
                                                                              |                  \
                                                                           menu.lst               \--> kernel
                                                                      (using configfile)

The usual menu commands all work in the GRUB for DOS menu.lst file. The title, root, kernel, and initrd lines can be copied from another configuration file to directly boot a Linux kernel. Or, the configfile command can be used to reload the menu with the information from another system's GRUB configuration file. And, the chainloader command can be used to launch boot sector code.

Anti virus for free

There are so many people on the net trying to find a final solution to the biggest problem on earth for Window user -- VIRUS. The solution lies in installing a antivirus because of course windows is too lame to protect it self.

Now the biggest problem is which is the best anti-virus.According to the PCWorld the Kaspersky anti-virus stood third on the list of best anti virus. So without wasting any time lets see how we can install Kaspersky anti-virus for free. The biggest problem with the hacked version or craked version is you cannot Update your anti virus .

But using this trick you can not only have a free anti virus but also you can update it and protect your computer.For this we will use KASPERSKY -> Kaspersky 6.0.1.411 becoz it works only in this version. So you will have to down load it form http://kaspersky-antivirus.brothersoft.com/kaspersky-antivirus6.0.1.411


1- go To ( Start ) then ( Run )

2- Type ( regedit ) and press ( OK )

3- Go To ( HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\KasperskyLab\AVP6\Data ) & Right Click On ( Data ) & Choose ( Permissions )

4- Choose ( Advanced ) From The ( Permissions For Data ) New Window Opened

5- In ( Advanced Security Settings for Data ) Window .. There is a sentence which begin with ( Inherit from parent ... ) click on the nike or check mark to remove it

6- After Removing the check or nike mark you will get a new message .. choose from it ( Remove )

7- Then in ( Advanced Security Settings for Data ) click on ( Apply )

8- After Clicking Apply you will get a new message choose ( Yes )

9- After That Press ( OK ) In ( Advanced Security Settings for Data )

10- After That .. Press ( OK ) In ( Permissions For Data )

11- After That Make An ( Exit ) For ( KasperSky ) .. & Run It Again

12- You Will Notice That The Kaspersky Icon Is Not ( RED ) But Its ( GRAY ) Which means that the program is not activated

13- But if you opened it you will see all things are working perfect 100% Working.

What Happened To The Program After These Steps ?

- You Will update the kaspersky database manually ... no automatic updates.

- The windows security center will tell you that the firewall or\and antivirus is not working ... becoz you made the kaspersky seemed unactiviated. Actually the registry key you have edited stores the information about activation keys and all that. You actually not delected the key but you have prevented the kaspersky form reading it by denying permissions.

Note:- To uninstall you have to undo the steps above. To have to grand all permision to the key above. Also After installing you have to update the Kaspersky before you continue. Because Kaspersky 6 is petty old an you must have a updated version for complete virus protection.

Play Video in Ms Paint, Photoshop, and in MSWord

Yes you can really Play video in Ms paint. But that doesn't mean that MsPaint have a built in player.

This is just a trick that can be played by using VLC. First you have to enable wallpaper mode in VLC .

Just follow these steps  http://programing-tutorial.blogspot.com/2009/10/set-any-video-as-your-desktop-wallpaper.html

Now what you have to do is to press "Print SysRq" to print System Screen.

Now open MsPaint , select new file and press crt+v to paste the clipboard content in msPaint.

---- Now you will see a video playing in the paint.

---DO the same for PHOTOSHOP , select a new file and take a PrintScreen and press crt+v.
-- The same applies for MSWord too. Even where ever you can paste a picture you will see video running.

:) njoy

Nokia Codes Tips and Tricks

IMEI number: * # 0 6 #
Software version: * # 0 0 0 0 # or * # 9 9 9 9 # or * # 3 1 1 0 #
Simlock info: * # 9 2 7 0 2 6 8 9 #
NOKIA 3330
*#06#
This will show your warranty details *#92702689#
*3370#
Basically increases the quality of calling sound, but decreases battery length.
#3370#
Deactivates the above
*#0000#
Shows your software version
*#746025625# This shows if your phone will allow sim clock stoppage
*4370#
Half Rate Codec activation. It will automatically restart
#4370#
Half Rate Codec deactivation. It will automatically restart
Restore Factory Settings
To do this simply use this code *#7780#
Manufacturer Info
Date of Manufacturing *#3283#
*3001#12345# (TDMA phones only)

press and hold # Lets you switch between lines

NOKIA5110/5120/ 5130/5190


IMEI number: * # 0 6 #
Software version: * # 0 0 0 0 #
Simlock info: * # 9 2 7 0 2 6 8 9 #
Enhanced Full Rate: * 3 3 7 0 # [ # 3 3 7 0 # off]
Half Rate: * 4 7 2 0 #
Provider lock status: #pw+1234567890+ 1
Network lock status #pw+1234567890+ 2
Provider lock status: #pw+1234567890+ 3
SimCard lock status: #pw+1234567890+ 4
NOKIA 6110/6120/6130/ 6150/6190
IMEI number: * # 0 6 #
Software version: * # 0 0 0 0 #
Simlock info: * # 9 2 7 0 2 6 8 9 #
Enhanced Full Rate: * 3 3 7 0 # [ # 3 3 7 0 # off]

(11) #pw+1234567890+ 4# SIM Card Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w" Go to Top
and "+" symbols).

(12) *#147# (vodafone) this lets you know who called you last.

(13) *#1471# Last call (Only vodofone).

(14) *#21# Allows you to check the number that "All Calls" are diverted to

(15) *#2640# Displays security code in use.

(16) *#30# Lets you see the private number.

(17) *#43# Allows you to check the "Call Waiting" status of your phone.

(18) *#61# Allows you to check the number that "On No Reply" calls are diverted to.

(19) *#62# Allows you to check the number that "Divert If Unreachable (no service)" calls
are diverted to.

(20) *#67# Allows you to check the number that "On Busy Calls" are diverted to.

(21) *#67705646# Removes operator logo on 3310 & 3330.

Few more codes

(3) *#4720# Activate Half Rate Codec - Your phone uses a lower quality sound but you should gain approx 30%

more Talk Time.

(4) *#4720# Deactivate Half Rate Codec.

(5) *#0000# Displays your phones software version, 1st Line : Software Version, 2nd Line : Software Release

Date, 3rd Line : Compression Type.

(6) *#9999# Phones software version if *#0000# does not work.

(7) *#06# For checking the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI Number).

(8) #pw+1234567890+ 1# Provider Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w"
and "+" symbols).

(9) #pw+1234567890+ 2# Network Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w"
and "+" symbols).

(10) #pw+1234567890+ 3# Country Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w"
and "+" symbols).


This will put your phone into programming mode, and you'll be presented with the programming menu.
2) Select "NAM1"
3) Select "PSID/RSID"
4) Select "P/RSID 1"
Note: Any of the P/RSIDs will work
5) Select "System Type" and set it to Private
6) Select "PSID/RSID" and set it to 1
7) Select "Connected System ID"
Note: Enter your System ID for Cantel, which is 16401 or 16423. If you don't know yours,
ask your local dealer for it.
8) Select "Alpha Tag"
9) Enter a new tag, then press OK
10) Select "Operator Code (SOC)" and set it to 2050
11) Select "Country Code" and set it to 302 for Canada, and 310 for the US.
12) Power down the phone and power it back on again
ISDN Code
To check the ISDN number on your Nokia use this code *#92772689

Set any video as your desktop wallpaper.

This is a pretty simple trickk using which you can set any video as your desktop wallpaper.

Just follow the steps given below:

1.Download VLC Media Player and install it.
http://www.videolan.org/vlc/download-windows.html

2.Run VLC media player,go to Settings->preferences->Interface->Main interfaces,then click on wxWidgets.Remove the tick on "Taskbar" and put a tick on "Systray icon".

FOR Version 9.6+ of VLC -  ,go to Tools->Preferences->Video,then put a tick on "Enable wallpaper mode ".

3.Now go to Video->Output Modules->DirectX.On the bottom right put a tick on advanced options check box.You will now see some options.Put a tick on "Enable Wallpaper Mode ".

FOR Version 9.6+ of VLC :- Just go to Video and check "DirectX Wallpaper".


4.Now,select playlist and put a check or tick on "Repeat current item ".
FOR Version 9.6+ of VLC :- You don't need this step.

5.Press the Save button.Now close the VLC player and run it again(to save the settings permanently).

6.Now play any video you would like to set as Wallpaper.Right click on the video and click on "Wallpaper".The video would be set as your wallpaper!!!!
FOR Version 9.6+ of VLC:-  check "DirectX Wallpaper".


Since you have checked the option "repeat current item ",the selected video will play on continuously.It will start again when finished.VLC player will remain in your system tray.If you wish to remove the wallpaper simply close the player and you will get back your original wallpaper.

Microsoft Windows Run command

On the Microsoft Windows operating system, the Run command is used to directly open an application or document whose path is known. It functions more or less like a single-line command line interface.

Starting with Windows 95, the Run command is accessible through the Start menu and also through the shortcut key. (Windows key + R).

Although the Run command is still present in Windows Vista, it no longer appears directly on the Start menu by default, in favor of the new search box and a shortcut to the Run command in the Accessories sub-menu.

 Here is the list of run commands :-


# Accessibility Controls - access.cpl
# Accessibility Wizard - accwiz
# Add Hardware Wizard - hdwwiz.cpl
# Add/Remove Programs - appwiz.cpl
# Administrative Tools - control admintools
# Automatic Updates - wuaucpl.cpl
# Bluetooth Transfer Wizard - fsquirt
# Calculator - calc
# Certificate Manager - certmgr.msc
# Character Map - charmap
# Check Disk Utility - chkdsk
# Clipboard Viewer - clipbrd
# Command Prompt - cmd
# Component Services - dcomcnfg
# Computer Management - compmgmt.msc
# Control Panel - control
# Date and Time Properties - timedate.cpl
# DDE Shares - ddeshare
# Device Manager - devmgmt.msc
# Direct X Troubleshooter - dxdiag
# Disk Cleanup Utility - cleanmgr
# Disk Defragment - dfrg.msc
# Disk Management - diskmgmt.msc
# Disk Partition Manager - diskpart
# Display Properties - control desktop
# Display Properties - desk.cpl
# Dr. Watson System Troubleshooting Utility - drwtsn32
# Driver Verifier Utility - verifier
# Event Viewer - eventvwr.msc
# Files and Settings Transfer Tool - migwiz
# File Signature Verification Tool - sigverif
# Findfast - findfast.cpl
# Firefox - firefox
# Folders Properties - control folders
# Fonts - control fonts
# Fonts Folder - fonts
# Free Cell Card Game - freecell
# Game Controllers - joy.cpl
# Group Policy Editor (for xp professional) - gpedit.msc
# Hearts Card Game - mshearts
# Help and Support - helpctr
# HyperTerminal - hypertrm
# Iexpress Wizard - iexpress
# Indexing Service - ciadv.msc
# Internet Connection Wizard - icwconn1
# Internet Explorer - iexplore
# Internet Properties - inetcpl.cpl
# Keyboard Properties - control keyboard
# Local Security Settings - secpol.msc
# Local Users and Groups - lusrmgr.msc
# Logs You Out Of Windows - logoff
# Malicious Software Removal Tool - mrt
# Microsoft Chat - winchat
# Microsoft Movie Maker - moviemk
# Microsoft Paint - mspaint
# Microsoft Syncronization Tool - mobsync
# Minesweeper Game - winmine
# Mouse Properties - control mouse
# Mouse Properties - main.cpl
# Netmeeting - conf
# Network Connections - control netconnections
# Network Connections - ncpa.cpl
# Network Setup Wizard - netsetup.cpl
# Notepad notepad
# Object Packager - packager
# ODBC Data Source Administrator - odbccp32.cpl
# On Screen Keyboard - osk
# Outlook Express - msimn
# Paint - pbrush
# Password Properties - password.cpl
# Performance Monitor - perfmon.msc
# Performance Monitor - perfmon
# Phone and Modem Options - telephon.cpl
# Phone Dialer - dialer
# Pinball Game - pinball
# Power Configuration - powercfg.cpl
# Printers and Faxes - control printers
# Printers Folder - printers
# Regional Settings - intl.cpl
# Registry Editor - regedit
# Registry Editor - regedit32
# Remote Access Phonebook - rasphone
# Remote Desktop - mstsc
# Removable Storage - ntmsmgr.msc
# Removable Storage Operator Requests - ntmsoprq.msc
# Resultant Set of Policy (for xp professional) - rsop.msc
# Scanners and Cameras - sticpl.cpl
# Scheduled Tasks - control schedtasks
# Security Center - wscui.cpl
# Services - services.msc

# Shared Folders - fsmgmt.msc
# Shuts Down Windows - shutdown
# Sounds and Audio - mmsys.cpl
# Spider Solitare Card Game - spider
# SQL Client Configuration - cliconfg
# System Configuration Editor - sysedit
# System Configuration Utility - msconfig
# System Information - msinfo32
# System Properties - sysdm.cpl
# Task Manager - taskmgr
# TCP Tester - tcptest
# Telnet Client - telnet
# User Account Management - nusrmgr.cpl
# Utility Manager - utilman
# Windows Address Book - wab
# Windows Address Book Import Utility - wabmig
# Windows Explorer - explorer
# Windows Firewall - firewall.cpl
# Windows Magnifier - magnify
# Windows Management Infrastructure - wmimgmt.msc
# Windows Media Player - wmplayer
# Windows Messenger - msmsgs
# Windows System Security Tool - syskey
# Windows Update Launches - wupdmgr
# Windows Version - winver
# Windows XP Tour Wizard - tourstart
# Wordpad - write

Windows DOS commands VS unix commands

Hi all this is a comparison of DOs commands VS unix commands. As contary to Unix commands Doc commands are not that much famous. But this table will help you to compare the commands and to use them.

DOS Command	UNIX or Bash Command	Action
DIR	ls -l (or use ls -lF)(-a all files) (df -k Space remaining on filesystem)	List directory contents
DIR *.* /o-d DIR *.* /v /os DIR /s DIR /aa	ls -tr ls -ls ls -R ls -a	List directory contents by reverse time of modification/creation. List files and size List directory/sub-directory contents recursively. List hidden files.
TREE	ls -R	List directory recursivly
CD	cd	Change directory
MKDIR MD	mkdir	Make a new directory
ASSIGN	ln	Create a file or directory link
RMDIR RD	rmdir	Remove a directory
CHDIR	pwd	Display directory location
DEL ERASE	rm -iv	Remove a file
RMDIR /S (NT) DELTREE (Win 95...)	rm -R	Remove all directories and files below given directory
COPY	cp -piv	Copy a file
XCOPY	cp -R	Copy all file of directory recursivly
RENAME or MOVE	mv -iv	Rename/move a file
TYPE	cat	Dump contents of a file to users screen
MORE	more	Pipe output a single page at a time
HELP or COMMAND /?	man	Online manuals
CLS	clear ctrl-l	Clear screen
EXIT EXIT0	exit exit 0	Exit a shell
FIND FINDSTR	grep	Look for a word in files given in command line
COMP	diff	Compare two files and show differences. Also see comm, cmp, mgdiff and tkdiff.
FC	diff	Compare two files and show differences. Also see comm, cmp, mgdiff and tkdiff.
SET	set and env	List all environment variables
SET variable=value echo %variable%	set export variable=value echo $variable	Set environment variables Show environment variables
ECHO text	echo text	Echo text to screen
SET variable	setenv (for C shell) or export VAR=val (for Korn shell. Also VAR=val)	Set environment variables
PATH PATH %PATH%;C:\DIR	echo $PATH PATH=$PATH:/dir	Display search path for executables. Set PATH environment variable.
PROMPT $p$g	export PS1='\h(\u)\W> '	Set user command prompt.
DATE or TIME	date	Show date. (also set date - DOS only)
DOSKEY /h	history	List command history
DOSKEY NAME=command	alias NAME=command	Set command alias
BREAK ON	trap	Trap ctrl-break / Trap signals.
SORT	sort	Sort data alphabetically/numerically
EDLIN	ed	Line mode editor
EDIT filename.txt	pico, gnp, vi, xedit, xemacs,dtpad	Edit a file. The Linux editor which looks most like DOS edit is probably Pico. (Not a recomendation!)
BACKUP files A:\	tar -cvf /dev/fd0 files mdir, mcopy doswrite -a file (AIX only)	Save files to floppy. See Using DOS floppies
RESTORE A:\ files	tar -xvf /dev/fd0 files mdir, mcopy dosread -a file (AIX only)	Read files from floppy. See Using DOS floppies
ATTRIB [+r|-r] [+a|-a] [+s|-s] [path\file] /s	chmod	Change file permissions. DOS: +:set to -:remove r:Read only a:Archive s:System /s:recursively
ATTRIB +h or -h	mv file .file	Change file to a hidden file - rename file with prefix "."
PRINT	lpr	Print a file
CALL COMMAND /C (DOS), CMD (NT)	source script (cshrc) . script (bash) sh script	Execute script from within batch shell.
MEM	free top	Show free memory on system
TASKLIST (WIN2K, XP)	ps -aux top	List executable name, process ID number and memory usage of active processes
MSD	lsdev	Show system info (Command borrowed from AIX)
SCANDISK DEFRAG C:	fsck debugfs	Check and repair hard drive file system
CHDISK	du -s	Disk usage.
FDISK	fdisk	Tool to partition a hard drive.
SUBST V: C:\directory\path	mount	Mount a drive letter to a folder/directory on your hard drive.
FORMAT	mke2fs See: fdformat and mformat for floppies	Format drive file system.
VER	uname -a echo $SHELL cat /etc/issue	Operating system/shell version
pkzip	tar and zip	Compress and uncompress files/directories. Use tar to create compilation of a directory before compressing. Linux also has compress, gzip
HOSTNAME	hostname	Print host name of computer
PING	ping	Send packets to a network host
TRACERT	traceroute	Show routes and router hops to given network destination.
IPCONFIG (NT) WINIPCFG (Win 95...)	ifconfig	Display/configure network interface
NBTSTAT (Netbios info: -n, -c) NBTSTAT -a host-name NBTSTAT -A IP-address	nslookup host-name host host-name	Print DNS info for host.
ROUTE PRINT	route -n	Print routing table.
NET HELP START	chkconfig --list |grep on	List services.
NET STARTservice-name NET STOPservice-name	service service-name start service service-name stop	Start/stop service/daemon.
NET SHARES	df	Show mounted shares/filesystems.
NET SEND (NT)	smbclient -M MS-Windows-host-name talk	Send pop-up to a MS/Windows PC Send message to another Unix/Linux user. See YoLinux tutorial
WIN	startx	Start X-Windows.
REBOOT	shutdown -r now	Reboot system.

Rename the Recycle Bin of Windows

For quite some I have trying to find out ways to rename the Recycle bin seen on the desktop of Windows operating system. I found quite some very interesting methods. So I am listing all these methods step by step. This Windows Registry Hacking works in Windows XP.

• Method I - Using registry -
  

1. Click Start > Run > and type regedit. This will start the Windows Registry Editor.
2. Now you have to go to the key form where you can rename the recycle bin. The key is HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\ShellNoRoam\MUICache
3. Click in right panel and select the key named '@C:\WINDOWS\system32\SHELL32.dll,-8964'. Now right click the key and select modify. Change the vale "Recycle Bin" to whatever you want.

Fig 1 Click to enlarge

Fig 2 Click to enlarge

• Method II - Using Resigtry Editor Only Once (easy) -
  

1. First step is same as above. You have to lanuch Windows Registry Editor. So Click Start > Run > and type regedit.
2. Go to the key HKEY_CURRENT_USER/CLSID/645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E/ShellFolder
3.  Click in right panel and select the key named 'Attributes'. Now right click the key and select modify. Change the value 40 01 00 20 to 70 01 00 20. 
4.  Now you don't have to goto registry any more to rename. Now go to desktop right-click on the recycle bin and choose explore.
5. . In the left pane of Explorer, select Recycle Bin and press F2 to Rename.

Fig 3 Change the value to 70 01 00 20 

(Click to enlarge)

Fig 4: Press F2 to rename(Click to enlarge)

note:- Be careful while editing registry. An error can make your system unusable. Use at your own risk.

A nice trick in notepad

Actually this thing i found out in net accidentally ........


Did you know that the flight number of the plane that had hit WTC ...on
9/11 was Q33N ....Open your Notepad in ur computer and type the flight
number i.e Q33N... Increase the Font Size to 72, Change the Font to
Wingdings. U will be amazed by the findings.

File locking using bat program

hi all ....

copy this in a note pad .... rename it to lock.bat .... now u have to put
passwd ...in the place >>>> set/p "pass=>xxxxx" ...... in the below programm...

now what you have to do it run that bat file ... a folder called lock will be created

now ... put what ever you wish to in it ...

then again run the program

....what it does it renames lock folder to

Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B303

09D}

but this is the address of control panel .... so when you click it control panel will open

copy this >>>>>>


cls
@ECHO OFF
title Folder Locker
if EXIST "Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B303

09D}" goto UNLOCK
if NOT EXIST Locker goto MDLOCKER
:CONFIRM
echo Are you sure u want to Lock the folder(Y/N)
set/p "cho=>"
if %cho%==Y goto LOCK
if %cho%==y goto LOCK
if %cho%==n goto END
if %cho%==N goto END
echo Invalid choice.
goto CONFIRM
:LOCK
ren Locker "Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}"
attrib +h +s "Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}"
echo Folder locked
goto End
:UNLOCK
echo Enter password to Unlock folder
set/p "pass=>"
if NOT %pass%==type your password here goto FAIL
attrib -h -s "Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}"
ren "Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}" Locker
echo Folder Unlocked successfully
goto End
:FAIL
echo Invalid password
goto end
:MDLOCKER
md Locker
echo Locker created successfully
goto End
:End

Hide files in image

Here is new trick 4 all of you .... you can hide zipped files in images ... such as .jpg or .jpeg .......

The file will be an image. If some one cilck to open it , it will be shown as image but it will contain the zipped file.

Here it goes:-

• First zip the file which you want to hide .... using winrar now ... suppose it is test.rarand the image in which you want to hide is img.jpg
• Now goto command promt
• Goto destination folder using cd
• Then type copy /b img.jpg + test.rar img.jpg

• It is done. This img.jpg contains your test.rar.
• o extrat it :-open image with winrar and then you will find test.rar .Click on extract button and you are done.
  

njoy:)

SHUTDOWN Shortcut in windows desktop

• Navigate to your desktop. On the desktop, right-click and go to New, then to Shortcut (in other words, create a new shortcut).

• You should now see a pop-up window instructing you to enter a command line path.Use this path in "Type Location of the Item"SHUTDOWN -s -t 01

• If the C: drive is not your local hard drive, then replace "C" with the correct letter of the hard drive. Click the "Next" button. Name the shortcut and click the "Finish" button.
  

• Now whenever you want to shut down, just click on this shortcut and you're done.

Create picture back ground in all drives

Are you getting bored with the usual backgrounds in you drive in Windows. Don't there is a trick which you can do it. You need to Hack the windows. Don't worry it is quite simple :).

Copy the code this and paste it in any drive using notepad .... rename it to desktop.ini


[{BE098140-A513-11D0-A3A4-00C04FD706EC}]
iconarea_image=

iconarea_text=0x00FFFFFF

eg. -

[{BE098140-A513-11D0-A3A4-00C04FD706EC}]
iconarea_image=C:\WINDOWS\Web\Wallpaper\cc.jpg

iconarea_text=0x00FFFFFF

Airtel tune in C program

/* compile n execute the code */
#include< stdio.h >
#include< dos.h >

int main(void)
{
printf("Airtel song --- from http://programing-tutorial.blogspot.com/");
float A,Bb,D,G,F;
A = 440;
G = 780;
Bb = 461;
D = 586;
F = 687;
sound(G);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(2*D);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(2*Bb);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(F);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
sound(2*Bb);
delay(500);
sound(2*A);
delay(500);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(D);
delay(500);
nosound();
//end 1
sound(G);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(2*D);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(2*Bb);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(F);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
sound(2*Bb);
delay(500);
sound(2*A);
delay(500);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(D);
delay(500);
nosound();
//end 2
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
sound(2*Bb);
delay(500);
sound(2*A);
delay(500);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(D);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
sound(2*Bb);
delay(500);
sound(2*A);
delay(500);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(D);
delay(500);
nosound();
return 0;
}

Block site without any software

I was trying to block few site in my comp ..... and finally
I found out a very simple method to do it ....

Browse to C:\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc

Find the file named "HOSTS" .....open it with wordpad

Under "127.0.0.1 localhost" Add "127.0.0.2 www.abc.com" ,
and that site will no longer be access able.

eg:- .....
127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.0.2 www.abc.com

www.abc.com is now inaccessible able.

figure - click to enlarge

Starwars in windows

hi all .......
Are you getting bored ..... wanna do some thing new ... how about viewing star wars ....
believe me ..... u can see it now ....

connect to Internet

Go to Start -->--> Run
Type
telnet towel.blinkenlights.nl
And hit enter.........

Njoy ......

Hacking windows - Rename Start button

You must always wonder that why is the button in the left corner is named start. That what I thought when I saw a pc for the first time in my life. :) When I owned a PC I alwalys thought that is there any method to rename it. Very soon I found out and it was really more easy than i thought.

One of the most famous and talked hack of windows explorer is hacking the start button to rename it. I came to know about this hack in a famous book of 'Ankit Fadia' - Unofficial guide to ethical hacking. But later I found out many other easy methods to do so. so basically there a few methods to .

1. Popular- The most popular method is to use a hex editor. First, open up the Windows Explorer file and edit the 'start' string if you can find it in the file. Then, you will have to make
   some changes to the system file protection to allow you to run a hacked version of Explorer. After you have made those changes, you have to boot into Safe mode and swap the Explorer.
2. Ankit Fadiya's way - Open the window in text mode. Open the explorer in using edit command and then find the 'start' string to rename it. In this case you are actually modifying the original explorer file. This is the method given in Ankit Fadiya's book.
3. Easy way - All the above method is too complicated and has a lot of unnecessary steps. I found a better way to do this. Using my method, you will not have to mess with the system file protection at all, boot into Safe mode, or even be limited to five characters on the Start button.

So let’s get started with the last method:

1. First, you will need to have a hacking tool- ' Thee Resource Hacker' . If don't have a copy of Resource Hacker, you can download it from http://www.angusj.com/resourcehacker/ . Once you have Resource Hacker , go to the next step.
2. You will have to open up the Windows Explorer main file, called explorer.exe in Resource hacker. This file is stored in the C:\Windows directory.To open the file up, click the file menu bar item in Resouce Hacker and select Open, then just navigate over to the Windows directory and select explorer.exe.
3. When explorer.exe is loaded, you should see a bunch of folders on the left side of the
   screen. Expand the String Table folder and then expand the 37 folder and select 1033.
4. You will not see a bunch of text on the right side of the screen. Locate where it says
   "Start", and replace it with the text that you want to use, say"Hacked”. Make sure that you only enter your text between the quotes.
   
5. Next, you will have to click the Compile Script button. See the Figure (click to enlarge).
6. Now, you have to save the file that you just edited and recompiled. Click the File menu bar item again and this time select Save As. Then save the file with a name other than explorer.exe , say Hackedexplorer.exe.
7. You are now finished hacking the Explorer file. You can close the Resource Hacker. Now
   you just have to tell Windows to use your new Explorer file the next time you log in.To
   do this, click the Start button and select Run and Type regedit in the box and click OK.
8. Next, when the Registry Editor is loaded, expand HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
   SOFTWARE, Microsoft,Windows NT, CurrentVersion, and Winlogon.Inside the WinLogon folder, you will have to look for the Shell entry. Right-click it and select Modify.
9. Type in the name of the file that you saved in Step 6. Here we have used “Hackedexplorer.exe” so that is what we will have replace all of the text with. See the figure-
10. When you are finished, click OK to save your changes. Close the Registry
    Editor because you are finished with the hack.
11. Just log off and log back on or restart to see the new changes in effect.

In Case of problem:- If you did not edit the registry correctly, such as specifying the exact correct file as the value for shell, you will not be able to use your computer properly because Explorer will not load.

• If that is the case, y will need to start up Explorer manually by pressing Ctrl + Alt +Delete to bring up the Task Manager. click the New Task button on the Applications tab and type in regedit. This will launch the Registry Editor again so that you can edit the shell entry again. Make sure that you type in the full correct file name with the extension as the value.
  
• If you want to revert to the original Windows Explorer with Start as the text on the Start button, just change this value back to explorer.exe. Then just log off your computer by using the shutdown menu bar item in the Task Manager and you will be back to normal when you log back on.