All programming Tutorials

Face Recognition using OpenCV2 and HaarCascade an Intro Part 2

2011-10-22T12:52:00.000-07:00

After learning theory a bit in part1 now we lear how we can detect face in an image. Later we will extend this to detecting face from web cam and avi file. The code is very simple. We will load a image of a person in IplImage structure. We also need to load haarcascader of frontal face will which enable us to detect the face in image. Opencv 2 provides many haar cascades of face, eye , nose etc which ever you want use. If you have installed openCV v2 in "C:/OpenCV2.0" ,you find it in "C:/OpenCV2.0/data/haarcascades/" Location. Now will need to call "cvHaarDetectObjects" OpenCV Function to detect the faces.

Here is the program -

#include "cv.h"
#include "highgui.h"

#include 
#include 


#ifdef _EiC
#define WIN32
#endif

static CvMemStorage* storage_face = 0; //Memory Storage to Sore faces

static CvHaarClassifierCascade* cascade_face = 0; 

void detect_and_draw( IplImage* image );

//Haar cascade - if your openc CV is installed at location C:/OpenCV2.0/
const char* cascade_name_face ="C:/OpenCV2.0/data/haarcascades/haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml";

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

int main()
{
 IplImage  *image =0;
 image = cvLoadImage("viv6v.jpg",1);
 if(!image)
 {
         printf("Error loading image\n");
         return -1;
    }
   
    cascade_face = (CvHaarClassifierCascade*)cvLoad( cascade_name_face, 0, 0, 0 );
    
    if( !cascade_face )
    {
        printf("ERROR: Could not load classifier of face  cascade\n" );
        return -1;
    }

    storage_face = cvCreateMemStorage(0);
    cvNamedWindow( "result", 1 );
    
    // Call function to detect and Draw rectagle around face
    detect_and_draw( image);

    // Wait for key event. 
    cvWaitKey(0);
               
    // release resourses
    cvReleaseImage( &image );
 cvReleaseHaarClassifierCascade(&cascade_face );
 cvReleaseMemStorage( &storage_face);
    cvDestroyWindow("result");

    return 0;
}

////////////////////////////  Function To detect face //////////////////////////

void detect_and_draw( IplImage* img )
{

    double scale = 2;
    
    // create a gray image for the input image
    IplImage* gray = cvCreateImage( cvSize(img->width,img->height), 8, 1 );
    // Scale down the ie. make it small. This will increase the detection speed
    IplImage* small_img = cvCreateImage( cvSize( cvRound (img->width/scale),cvRound (img->height/scale)),8, 1 );
    
    int i;

    cvCvtColor( img, gray, CV_BGR2GRAY );
    
 cvResize( gray, small_img, CV_INTER_LINEAR );
    
 // Equalise contrast by eqalizing histogram of image
    cvEqualizeHist( small_img, small_img );
    
 cvClearMemStorage( storage_face);

    if( cascade_face )
    {
         // Detect object defined in Haar cascade. IN our case it is face
         CvSeq* faces = cvHaarDetectObjects( small_img, cascade_face, storage_face,
                                            1.1, 2, 0/*CV_HAAR_DO_CANNY_PRUNING*/,
                                            cvSize(30, 30) );
        
        // Draw a rectagle around all detected face 
        for( i = 0; i < (faces ? faces->total : 0); i++ )
        {
            CvRect r = *(CvRect*)cvGetSeqElem( faces, i );
   cvRectangle( img, cvPoint(r.x*scale,r.y*scale),cvPoint((r.x+r.width)*scale,(r.y+r.height)*scale),CV_RGB(255,0,0),3,8,0 );
  
  }
    }

    cvShowImage( "result", img );
    cvReleaseImage( &gray );
    cvReleaseImage( &small_img );
}

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Output - Image with 1 Face -

Output - Image with multiple Faces -

Face Recognition using OpenCV2 and HaarCascade an Intro Part 1

2011-10-22T12:26:00.000-07:00

In this series of tutorial we will learn how to detect human face. OpenCV library provides very effictive method of object detection including face detection using Haar Cascades.
The function -
CvSeq* cvHaarDetectObjects(const CvArr* image,CvHaarClassifierCascade* cascade,CvMemStorage* storage,double scale factor=1.1,int min neighbors=3,int flags=0,CvSize min size=cvSize(0,0) );

can detect objects in input image by using HaarCascade structure. But before we jump directly to program we first need to understand about it a bit.

Many approaches have been proposed for detecting andrecognizing faces. One of them is a colorbased approach to face detection. Indeed, color is a low-level cue that can beimplemented in a computationally fast and effective way for locating objects. Among theadvantages of using color is the computational efficiency and robustnessagainst some geometric changes, when the scene is observed under a uniformillumination field.

However, the mainlimitation with the use of color lies in its sensitivity to illuminationchanges. To overcome the limitations of the color based approach, well-known face detection algorithm was proposed by PaulViola and Michel J.Jhones in 2001 (Paul Viola and Michel J.Jhones “Rapid Object Detection Using Haar-like Features with Cascade of Boosted Classifiers”,IEEE CVPR 2001.)

It uses Haar-like features and AdaBoostlearning algorithm. The Haar-like features are extracted using the notion ofintegral image which allows very fast feature extraction at different scales,while AdaBoost is used to select the most prominent features among a largenumber of extracted features and construct a strong classifier from boosting aset of weak classifiers. The use of a cascade of classifiers made this approachone of the first real-time frontal-view face detection methods.

First, a classifier (namely a cascadeof boosted classifiers working with haar-like features) istrained with a few hundreds of sample views of a particular object (i.e., aface or a car), called positive examples, that are scaled to the same size(say, 20x20), and negative examples - arbitrary images of the same size.

After a classifier is trained, it can be applied to a region of interest (ofthe same size as used during the training) in an input image. The classifier givesoutputs as "1" if the region is likely to show the object (i.e.,face/car), and "0" otherwise. To search for the object in the wholeimage one can move the search window across the image and check every locationusing the classifier. The classifier is designed so that it can be easily"resized" in order to be able to find the objects of interest atdifferent sizes, which is more efficient than resizing the image itself. So, tofind an object of an unknown size in the image the scan procedure should bedone several times at different scales.

The word "cascade" in the classifier name means that the resultantclassifier consists of several simpler classifiers (stages) that are applied subsequently toa region of interest until at some stage the candidate is rejected or all thestages are passed. The word "boosted" means that the classifiers atevery stage of the cascade are complex themselves and they are built out ofbasic classifiers using one of four different boosting techniques (weighted voting). Currently DiscreteAdaboost, Real Adaboost, Gentle Adaboost and Logitboost are supported. Thebasic classifiers are decision-tree classifiers with at least 2 leaves.Haar-like features are the input to the basic classifers, and are calculated asdescribed below. The current algorithm uses the following Haar-like features:

In part 2 we will write a C program to detect faces in an image.

Linking OpenCV 2 library in DEVC++

2011-08-01T21:44:00.000-07:00

In my earlier post I have discussed how to link OpenCV 1.x with devC++. But with latest release of OpenCV version ie. OpenCV 2 or higher the earlier method will not work. This because, OpenCV have changed the directory structure. So lets learn how to link OpenCV 2 or higher library version in DevC++ IDE.

Goto Tools -> Compiler option

In the pop up click on the plus button. This means you are adding new compiler setting. Add your fav. name eg - OpenCV2

Now you need to add compiler commands. Add -L"C:\OpenCV2.X\lib" -lcxcore2X0 -lcv2X0 -lcvaux2X0 -lhighgui2X0 -lml2X0 where X stands for version. Eg For open CV 2.0 add --L"C:\OpenCV2.0\lib" -lcxcore200 -lcv200 -lcvaux200 -lhighgui200 -lml200 . Similarly for OpenCV2.1 add -L"C:\OpenCV2.1\lib" -lcxcore210 -lcv210 -lcvaux210 -lhighgui210 -lml210

Add linker command similarly as above. -lcxcore2X0 -lcv2X0 -lcvaux2X0 -lhighgui2X0 -lml2X0 For open CV 2.0 add --L"C:\OpenCV2.0\lib" -lcxcore200 -lcv200 -lcvaux200 -lhighgui200 -lml200 . Similarly for OpenCV2.1 add -L"C:\OpenCV2.1\lib" -lcxcore210 -lcv210 -lcvaux210 -lhighgui210 -lml210

Goto Directories -> C includes. Add C:\OpenCV2.0\include or C:\OpenCV2.1\include or C:\OpenCV2.2\include what ever version you have. I assume that you have installed openCV in C:\

Goto Directories -> Library. Add C:\OpenCV2.0\lib or C:\OpenCV2.1\libor C:\OpenCV2.2\lib what ever version you have.

Goto Directories -> Library. Add C:\OpenCV2.0\bin or C:\OpenCV2.1\bin or C:\OpenCV2.2\bin what ever version you have.

Now lets write a sample project for OpenCV. Open New project window and select "Console Application".

Non in Project Option > Compiler chose "OpenCV2".

Thus you have successfully integrated OpenCV with DevC++.

Open CV Tutorial - Advanced operations on images ' Filter color in Image'

2010-06-21T09:45:00.000-07:00

In this tutorial we will learn to filter images, and separate the color. For this I am using Opencv library. In my earlier posts I have discussed how to link opencv in devC++ (here) and in Visual Studio (here). Here I suppose that you know the basic of image processing and programing using opencv.

Here I have given a very basic algo to filter color which will not work with real life images, but will give a insight how to loop through each and every pixel of a image. In this code we will loop through each pixel, find the value of each component ( RGB) and for a specific condition we will determine that pixel is of which color. Here I have Used two functions

CvScalar cvGet2D( const CvArr* arr, int idx0, int idx1 )
->
void cvSet2D( CvArr* arr, int idx0, int idx1, CvScalar value );
-> Note that cvSet*D function can be used safely for both single-channel and multiple-channel arrays though they are a bit slower.

/******************** CODE TO FILTER COLORS ****************/
#include
#include
#include
#include

int main()
{
 // Decleare image variables
    IplImage* img=0; // original image
    IplImage* white;
    IplImage* blue;     
    IplImage* green;     
    IplImage* red;     
    
    
    //load original image
    img = cvLoadImage("test.jpg",-1);
    if(img==0)
    {
              printf(" ERORR IN LOADING IMAGE !!");
              exit(-1);
    }
    
    // get height and width for image
    int height=img->height;
 int width=img->width;
    
    // create four images
    white=cvCreateImage(cvSize(img->width,img->height),8,1);
    
    blue=cvCreateImage(cvSize(img->width,img->height),8,3);
    green=cvCreateImage(cvSize(img->width,img->height),8,3);
    red=cvCreateImage(cvSize(img->width,img->height),8,3);
    // Two scalar variable to store a pixle data.
    // wt -> white 
    CvScalar s,wt;
    wt.val[0]=255;
    
    // A very simple filter operation
    // This loops through each and every pixle of image and filter accordingly
    for(int i=0;i100 && s.val[1]>100 && s.val[2]>100) // filter white
                cvSet2D(white,i,j,wt);
      
        else if(s.val[0]>100 && s.val[1]<100 && s.val[2]<100) // filter blue
               cvSet2D(blue,i,j,s);
               
        else if(s.val[0]<100 && s.val[1]>100 && s.val[2]<100) // filter green
               cvSet2D(green,i,j,s);
        
        else if(s.val[0]<100 && s.val[1]<100 && s.val[2]>100) // filter red
               cvSet2D(red,i,j,s);
        
     
     }
     

    // Create windows and show them
 cvNamedWindow("img", 1);
 cvShowImage( "img", img );

    cvNamedWindow("white", 1);
 cvShowImage( "white", white );
 
    cvNamedWindow("blue", 1);
 cvShowImage( "blue",blue);
 
 cvNamedWindow("green", 1);
 cvShowImage( "green",green);
 
 cvNamedWindow("red", 1);
 cvShowImage( "red",red);

 // Wait for any to be pressed      
    cvWaitKey(0);

 // Detroy all created windows
 cvDestroyAllWindows();

 // Release the memory occupied by images
    cvReleaseImage( &img );
 cvReleaseImage( &white);
 cvReleaseImage( &blue);
 cvReleaseImage( &green);
 cvReleaseImage( &red);

 return 0;
}

OUTPUT:-

test.jpg :- red image:- blue image :-

Green Image White Image

ALSO READ :-

Open CV Tutorial and Introduction

Linking OpenCV library in DEVC++
OPENCV Tutorial - Basic operations for images Dilate/Erode
Open CV Tutorial - Basic operations for images ' Canny edge detection'

Open CV Tutorial - Basic operations for images Rotate and Scale

2010-06-20T10:29:00.000-07:00

In this tutorials of OpenCV we will do some basic but interesting operartion on images. We rotate the image and scale it down.

For this we will use a matrix and rotate it.

/************************************************/

#include "cv.h"

#include "highgui.h"

#include "math.h"

int main()

{

IplImage* src;

IplImage* dst;

int delta;

int angle;

src = cvLoadImage("apple.bmp", 1);

dst = cvCloneImage( src );

delta = 1; angle = 0;

cvNamedWindow( "src", 1 );

cvShowImage( "src", src );

for(;;)

{

float m[6];

double factor = (cos(angle*CV_PI/180.) + 1.1)*3;

CvMat M = cvMat( 2, 3, CV_32F, m );

int w = src->width;

int h = src->height;

m[0] = (float)(factor*cos(-angle*2*CV_PI/180.));

m[1] = (float)(factor*sin(-angle*2*CV_PI/180.));

m[2] = w*0.5f;

m[3] = -m[1];

m[4] = m[0];

m[5] = h*0.5f;

cvGetQuadrangleSubPix( src, dst, &M, 1, cvScalarAll(0));

cvNamedWindow( "dst", 1 ); cvShowImage( "dst", dst );

if( cvWaitKey(5) == 27 )

break;

angle = (angle + delta) % 360;

}

return 0;

}

OUTPUT:-

ALSO READ :-

OPENCV Tutorial - Basic operations for images Dilate/Erode

2010-06-20T10:10:00.000-07:00

Let us do some more image processing in openCV. In this turorial we will do Dilate/Erode operation. This is a basic Morphological Operations. To learn more about Morphological Operations I have found a very good tutorial. You can find it here

Now we will use function Erode ( - Erodes image by using arbitrary structuring element and) Dilate -(Dilates image by using arbitrary structuring element).

lets learn a bit about functions -

void cvErode( const CvArr* src, CvArr* dst, IplConvKernel* element=NULL, int iterations=1 );

src: Source image.
dst: Destination image.
element: Structuring element used for erosion. If it is NULL, a 3×3 rectangular structuring element is used.
iterations: Number of times erosion is applied.

The function cvErode erodes the source image using the specified structuring element that determines the shape of a pixel neighborhood over which the minimum is taken:

void cvDilate( const CvArr* src, CvArr* dst, IplConvKernel* element=NULL, int iterations=1 );

src: Source image.
dst: Destination image.
element: Structuring element used for erosion. If it is NULL, a 3×3 rectangular structuring element is used.
iterations: Number of times erosion is applied.

The function cvDilate dilates the source image using the specified structuring element that determines the shape of a pixel neighborhood over which the maximum is taken:

NOTE:- Both functions supports the in-place mode. Erosion can be applied several (iterations) times. In case of color image each channel is processed independently.

After enough learning lets write a program :-

#include "cxcore.h"

#include "highgui.h"

int main()

{

IplImage* newImg = NULL;

IplImage* dilateImg = NULL;

IplImage* erodeImg = NULL;

cvNamedWindow("src", 1);

cvNamedWindow("dilate",1);

cvNamedWindow("erode",1);

//load original image

newImg = cvLoadImage("apple.bmp",1);

cvShowImage( "src", newImg );

//make a copy of the original image

dilateImg=cvCloneImage( newImg );

erodeImg=cvCloneImage( newImg );

//dilate image

cvDilate(newImg,dilateImg,NULL,4);

//erode image

cvErode(newImg,erodeImg,NULL,4);

cvShowImage( "dilate", dilateImg );

cvShowImage( "erode", erodeImg );

cvWaitKey(0);

cvDestroyWindow( "src" ); cvDestroyWindow( "dilate" ); cvDestroyWindow( "erode" );

cvReleaseImage( &newImg ); cvReleaseImage( &dilateImg ); cvReleaseImage( &erodeImg );

return 0;

}

Open CV Tutorial - Basic operations for images ' Canny edge detection'

2010-06-20T09:54:00.000-07:00

In the last tutorial I have discussed how to setup workspace for different IDEs and basic tutorials about Opencv. Now let us make some more good programs. Lets us make a program for canny edge detection. Canny edge is one of the most widely used edge detection programs used along with other edge detection like Sobel. Read more about Canny algorithm here.

In OpenCV we get a very good implementation of Canny algorithm. The function cvCanny finds the edges on the input image image and marks them in the output image edges using the Canny algorithm. The smallest of threshold1 and threshold2 is used for edge linking, the largest - to find initial segments of strong edges.A brief intro of function is as:-

void cvCanny( const CvArr* image, CvArr* edges, double threshold1,
   double threshold2, int aperture_size=3 );

Explanation of function:-

image

Input image.

edges

Image to store the edges found by the function.

threshold1

The first threshold.

threshold2

The second threshold.

aperture_size ( a bit complicated :( but try to grasp it or use default-3 in most cases)



In all cases except 1, aperture_size ×aperture_size separable kernel
   will be used to calculate
   the derivative. For aperture_size=1 3x1 or 1x3 kernel is
   used (Gaussian smoothing is not done).
   There is also special value CV_SCHARR (=-1) that
   corresponds to 3x3 Scharr filter that may
   give more accurate results than 3x3 Sobel. Scharr aperture is:
| -3 0 3|
|-10 0 10|
| -3 0 3|
for x-derivative or transposed for y-derivative.
Now we will write a sample program :-

#include "cv.h"
#include "highgui.h"
int main()
{
IplImage* newImg; // original image
IplImage* grayImg; // gray image for the conversion of the original image
IplImage* cannyImg; // gray image for the canny edge detection
//load original image
newImg = cvLoadImage("apple.bmp",1);
//create a single channel 1 byte image (i.e. gray-level image)
grayImg = cvCreateImage( cvSize(newImg->width, newImg->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1 );
//convert original color image (3 channel rgb color image) to gray-level image
cvCvtColor( newImg, grayImg, CV_BGR2GRAY );
cannyImg = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(newImg), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1);
// canny edge detection
cvCanny(grayImg, cannyImg, 50, 150, 3);
cvNamedWindow("src", 1);
cvNamedWindow("canny",1);
cvShowImage( "src", newImg );
cvShowImage( "canny", cannyImg );
cvWaitKey(0);
cvDestroyWindow( "src" );
cvDestroyWindow( "canny" );
cvReleaseImage( &newImg );
cvReleaseImage( &grayImg );
cvReleaseImage( &cannyImg );
return 0;
}

OUTPUT :-

Also Read :-

Open CV Tutorial and Introduction

2010-06-20T09:28:00.000-07:00

Introduction: -
For past few years I am using OpenCV for my image processing library. Initially I stared with Matlab. But the
as usual the programing in Matlab was easy but the execution was really slow. For my real time image processing project I stared to search for a good Image processing library and found OpenCv. It was not only fast but I can built exe files unlike m files in Matlab. I this tutorial along with a brief intorduction, we will a very simple OpenCV program.

You can download OpenCv library form :- http://sourceforge.net/projects/opencvlibrary/ Latest version is 2.1. You will also have to setup the workspace. You can find it here. For DevC++ user the setup part is here.

Lets see some important features of OpenCV:-

Open source computer vision library in C/C++.
Optimized and intended for real-time applications.
OS/hardware/window-manager independent.
Generic image/video loading, saving, and acquisition.
Both low and high level API.
Provides interface to Intel's Integrated Performance
Primitives (IPP) with processor specific optimization (Intel processors).

OpenCV modules
There are mainly 4 modules in OpenCV. These are

cv - Main OpenCV functions.
cvaux - Auxiliary (experimental) OpenCV functions.
cxcore - Data structures and linear algebra support.
highgui - GUI functions.

Image data structure in OpenCV and a Sample Program:-

Now we have done enough reading, Lets try our hands at some programing. In this simple program we will load a image file and show in window. I assume you have sample image :-

sample.bmp.

#include "cv.h" //main OpenCV functions

#include "highgui.h" //OpenCV GUI functions¯include <stdio.h> so no need to re include it.

int main()

{

/* declare a new IplImage pointer, the basic

image data structure in OpenCV */

IplImage* newImg;

/* load an image named "sample.bmp", 1 means

this is a color image */

newImg = cvLoadImage("sample.bmp",1);

//create a new window

cvNamedWindow("Window", 1);

//display the image in the window

cvShowImage("Window", newImg);

//wait for key to close the window

cvWaitKey(0);

cvDestroyWindow( "Window" ); //destroy the window

cvReleaseImage( &newImg ); //release the memory for the image

return 0;

}

How to make you PC Dual Boot Linux and windows

2009-11-22T11:30:00.000-08:00

For past few years I have been using Linux (Fedora). When I decided to use Linux the first thing came in my mind is how to make my PC dual boot for both windows and Linux. Though one method was simple I allowed the grub loader to install in my MBR (master boot record) and there I chose lable "other" as default.

Though that was the most simple thing to do but later I faced a problem. When I tried to boot my pc with windows xp bootable CD it did't booted with that. That was because there was grub loader in MBR.

So later I searched for Installing Fedora or other Linux without installing GRUB in MBR. So by default the windows loader NTLDR should detect the linux partion and it should boot your linux with it. The the problem is that you NTLDR can't detect linux partion. So basically you have to copy a file in your windows partion.

There are few methods to do it :-

1# Use dd to copy GRUB stage1 to a binary file:- Install Fedora and choose the boot loader option to install GRUB in the first sector of the Fedora boot partition (see attachment). Fedora will not boot at first. In linux rescue (see attachment), use the dd command to copy GRUB stage1 located in the first sector of the Fedora boot partition to a binary file in the Windows root directory. Then manually edit boot.ini (see attachment) to add a new entry for Fedora to the Windows boot menu to launch the binary file.

After Fedora is installed...
Boot with the Fedora DVD into linux rescue.

At the command prompt, enter:

dd if=/dev/sdxy of=fedora.bin bs=512 count=1

NOTE: You change x & y to the drive & partition of the Fedora boot partition with stage1. You may also change the name of the output file to whatever you choose.
Copy the binary file to a floppy or a partition that Windows can access (see attachment).
Exit linux rescue and reboot into Windows.
Copy the binary file to C:\ where boot.ini is also located.
Edit boot.ini to add a line similar to this:
Code:
```
c:\fedora.bin="Fedora"
```
Reboot.

How it looks on paper

Code:

                                          boot.ini               /--> kernel
                                                    |                 / 
BIOS --> Partition Loader --> Boot Sector Code --> ntldr --> XP Menu -----> kernel          grub.conf                  /--> kernel
           (Master Boot        (Volume Boot          |                \                         |                     / 
              Record)             Record)       ntdetect.com           \--> fedora.bin --> GRUB stage2 --> GRUB Menu -----> kernel
                                                                           (GRUB stage1)   (/boot/grub)               \

NOTE: This "dd method" sometimes doesn't work if the Fedora boot partition is not on the same drive as Windows. That can result in an incorrect boot drive number being specified in the code of the binary file at offset 40h. The hex values for the boot drive number are first=80h, second=81h, third=82h, and so on. If the value at offset 40h is FFh, that means that the stage1 program gets the boot drive number from BIOS, and that also could be wrong for the physical layout. The binary file can be edited with any hex editor to change the boot drive number when this happens. In the example below, the value for the boot drive number at offset 40h is FFh. The Fedora boot partition was on the second drive, and the binary file did not work to boot the Fedora system. The binary file was edited with ghex to change the boot drive number to 81h, and then it worked to boot the Fedora system.

2# BOOTPART:-

Summary

Install Fedora and choose the boot loader option to install GRUB in the first sector of the Fedora boot partition (see attachment). Fedora will not boot at first. Use BOOTPART in Windows to create a binary file containing code that loads and executes the boot sector code of the Fedora boot partition (stage1). BOOTPART also edits boot.ini to add a new entry for Fedora to the Windows boot menu to launch the binary file. BOOTPART is often useful when the dd-created binary file fails to work.

The Steps

After Fedora is installed...
Reboot into Windows.
Download BOOTPART from the Internet and unzip the files to your Windows Desktop.
Open a Windows Command Prompt window. From here on, everything occurs in this window.
Change directories to the Windows Desktop...
Code:
```
cd desktop
```

Enter the command bootpart without any options and your partitions will be listed. Example...

Code:

C:\Documents and Settings\User\Desktop>bootpart

Physical number of disk 0 : 9590e5ce
 0 : C:* type=b  (Win95 Fat32), size= 2008093 KB, Lba Pos=63
 1 : C:  type=5  (Extended), size= 18000832 KB, Lba Pos=4016250
 2 : C:  type=7  (HPFS/NTFS), size= 18000801 KB, Lba Pos=4016313
Physical number of disk 1 : b4f03683
 3 : D:* type=7  (HPFS/NTFS), size= 80035798 KB, Lba Pos=63
Physical number of disk 2 : 9a109a0
 4 : E:* type=83 (Linux native), size= 104391 KB, Lba Pos=63
 5 : E:  type=8e (Linux LVM), size= 38989755 KB, Lba Pos=208845

Now enter the command again in this format...
Code:
```
bootpart [partition number] [filename] [title]
```
[partition number] Get this from the output of your bootpart command without options in the previous step. In the above example, partition #4 is the Fedora boot partition and is easy to spot since it is listed as type=83 (Linux native) and the other Linux partition is an LVM physical volume. If there had been several type 83 partitions instead of the LVM PV, here are some clues to find the boot partition: a) it is usually the first type 83 Linux partition in the list, b) it is usually about 100000 KB in size, c) it may have an asterisk (*) by it indicating it is the active partition.

[filename] This is the name to give the binary file to be created in the Windows root directory. It can be anything you want.

[title] This the title of the Fedora OS in the Windows boot loader menu. It can be anything you want.
Continuing with the example from above, the command could be like this...
Code:
```
bootpart 4 C:\fedora.bin "Fedora"
```
Reboot.

How it looks on paper

Code:

boot.ini               /--> kernel
                                                    |                 / 
BIOS --> Partition Loader --> Boot Sector Code --> ntldr --> XP Menu -----> kernel                          grub.conf                  /--> kernel
           (Master Boot        (Volume Boot          |                \                                         |                     / 
              Record)             Record)       ntdetect.com           \--> fedora.bin --> GRUB stage1 --> GRUB stage2 --> GRUB Menu -----> kernel
                                                                            (BOOTPART)    (boot sector)    (/boot/grub)               \

#3: GRUB for DOS(my favorate)
Summary

Install Fedora and choose the boot loader option to install GRUB in the first sector of the Fedora boot partition (see attachment). Fedora will not boot at first. This method uses GRUB for DOS (aka GRUB4DOS) which is capable of launching the Fedora kernel directly without using any GNU GRUB stages. Even though Fedora's GRUB stages are not required for this method to work, there is still a benefit from choosing to install GRUB in the first sector of the Fedora boot partition. It causes a grub.conf file to be created for Fedora while still sparing the master boot record from changes. Having a grub.conf file is useful for copying menu commands to the GRUB for DOS menu.lst or for using the configfile menu command to launch Fedora. The stage1 code that is installed in the boot sector causes no harm sitting there unused.

The Steps

After Fedora is installed...
Reboot into Windows.
Download the GRUB4DOS zip file.
Unzip the file and copy these files to C:\ (or the Windows root directory):
1. grldr
2. menu.lst
Edit boot.ini (see attachment) to add a line similar to this:
Code:
```
c:\grldr="Start GRUB"
```
Edit menu.lst to add sections for the Linux systems (and to tidy up for the many examples).
Reboot.

How it looks on paper

Code:

boot.ini               /--> kernel
                                                    |                 /
BIOS --> Partition Loader --> Boot Sector Code --> ntldr --> XP Menu -----> kernel                /--> kernel
           (Master Boot        (Volume Boot          |                \                          /
              Record)             Record)       ntdetect.com           \--> grldr --> GRUB Menu -----> kernel
                                                                              |                  \
                                                                           menu.lst               \--> kernel
                                                                      (using configfile)

The usual menu commands all work in the GRUB for DOS menu.lst file. The title, root, kernel, and initrd lines can be copied from another configuration file to directly boot a Linux kernel. Or, the configfile command can be used to reload the menu with the information from another system's GRUB configuration file. And, the chainloader command can be used to launch boot sector code.

Star Field Effect in C by writing in VGA memory

2009-11-04T09:03:00.000-08:00

For past few time I was working on the 16 Bit version of C compiler namely TurboC++. and was programing in few Graphical libraries. I was keen on writing a program in C to show a similar effect like that of Star field effect in the Windows Screen Saver but writing the routes at low level directly to VGA memory. I designed a library for that form a bit of help form net.
Here I am posting a C program to Create a Star field effect in C. Also I have well Documented the code so that you can under Stand it well.

download the executable and source code file form exe form here

http://rapidshare.com/files/302392162/Star_Field_Effect.rar.html

NOTE this will work only in widows XP or windows 2000 ... for VISTA or other OS you will need dosbox. download it form here http://www.dosbox.com/download.php?main=1

the code :-

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//                 3D star field effect
//                RITESH RANJAN .... 16.03.2008
//
//    See guideline at http://programing-tutorial.blogspot.com/
//                   for compiling using TuboC++
//    Find more Programing Hacking and Tutorial stuff at
//     http://programing-tutorial.blogspot.com/
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#include< stdio.h >
#include< stdlib.h >
#include< time.h >
#include< dos.h >
#include< conio.h >
// include my graphics library
#include< ritgraph.h >

// user defined function for writing the pixel values
// to virtual screen (double buffer)
void virpixel(int , int, byte);

// structure to define position of star and it color by c
typedef struct star
    {
       int x,y,z;
       byte c; // note byte if defined in ritgraph.h
    };

byte * virscr=NULL;    /// virtual screen pointer

int main()
{
    int x,y,z,i,sx,sy; // sx and sy screen x and y positions
    byte pal[256][3],temp[3]; // for pallet and color of star
     time_t t;
    srand((unsigned) time(&t)); // randomisation
    randomize();
    star st[70]; // take 70 stars
    settextmode();
    printf(" Another creation by Ritesh Ranjan ");
    printf("\n \n\t This star field effect is created by ");
    printf("\n\t by using double buffering for faster and smooth effect ");
    printf("\n\n I would like to hear ur comments at... :- ritesh_ranjan007@yahoo.com");
    printf("Find more Programing Hacking and Tutorial stuff at--\n");
    printf("http://programing-tutorial.blogspot.com/");

    printf("\n\npress any key to exit");
    getch();
    setvgamode(); // set the screen mode form text mode to vga mode in ritgraph.h
//////////////////// create virtual screen //////////////////////////////

    virscr=(byte *)(calloc(64000,1));
    if(virscr==NULL)
    {
       printf(" error in calloc ");
       getch();
       exit(1);
    }

/////////////// Craete the white shade for star ////////////////
    for(i=10;i>0;i--)
    setpal(i,55-3*i,55-3*i,55-3*i);    /// white shade

    for(i=25;i>10;i--)
       setpal(i,25,25,25);

    for(i=0;i<70;i++)
       st[i].z=0;

/////////////// create stars //////////////////////

     for(i=0;i<70;i++)
     {
    if(st[i].z<1)
    {
    st[i].x=(rand()%300)-150;
    st[i].y=(rand()%199)-100;
    st[i].z=256;
    /////////////////// colouring of stars //////////////

    if(st[i].x>0 && st[i].y>0)
       st[i].c= (st[i].x+st[i].y)/25 ;
    else if(st[i].x<0 && st[i].y>0)
       st[i].c= ((-1)*st[i].x+st[i].y)/25;
    else if(st[i].x>0 && st[i].y<0)
       st[i].c=(st[i].x+(-1)*st[i].y)/25;
    else
       st[i].c=(byte)( ( (-1)*(st[i].x+st[i].y) ) /25);

    }

    // transformation of 3d cordinate to 2d system for showing in screen
    // note sx and sy and real x,y coodinate of screen calculated for each star
    sx=((st[i].x*256)/st[i].z + 150);
    sy=((st[i].y*256)/st[i].z + 100);

    // if inside screen of the write the pixel to virtual screen
    if(sx>0 && sx<320 && sy>0 && sy<200)
    virpixel(sx,sy,st[i].c);

     }

     // after calculating the whole screen copy to main VGA memory
      _fmemcpy(vga,virscr,64000);

///////////////////////// move b/w stars ///////////////

// start infinite loop
while(!kbhit())
{

   for(i=0;i<70;i++)
    {
    if(st[i].z<1)
    {
    st[i].x=(rand()%300)-150;
    st[i].y=(rand()%199)-100;
    st[i].z=256;
    if(st[i].x>0 && st[i].y>0)
       st[i].c=(st[i].x+st[i].y)/12;
    else if(st[i].x<0 && st[i].y>0)
       st[i].c=((-1)*st[i].x+st[i].y)/12;
    else if(st[i].x>0 && st[i].y<0)
       st[i].c=(st[i].x+(-1)*st[i].y)/12;
    else
       st[i].c=(-1)*(st[i].x+st[i].y)/12;

    }

    else
    st[i].z=st[i].z-2;

       sx=((st[i].x*256)/st[i].z + 150);
       sy=((st[i].y*256)/st[i].z + 100);

       if(sx>0 && sx<320 && sy>0 && sy<200)
    virpixel(sx,sy,st[i].c);
       else
    st[i].z=0;

     }
    ////////////// copy from virtual screen to real ///////

    _fmemcpy(vga,virscr,64000);
     memset(virscr,0,64000); // clear the virtual screen
     waitretrace();   // wait for the screen to draw defined in ritgraph.h
}
    free(virscr);
    settextmode();
    return 0;
}
///////////// fuction to write in virtual memory ///////////////////////
void virpixel(int x,int y,unsigned char col)
{
   //this is x+y*2^8+y*2^6 = x+y*320
   // remeber bit wise letfshit is faster than mutiplication
   virscr[x+(y<<8)+(y<<6)]=col;
}

Library to enable mouse in 16BIT turboC++ (works upto windows XP)

2009-11-04T08:56:00.000-08:00

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///            MOUSE.H WRITTEN BY RITESH RANJAN
///
///         ******************************************
///            feel free to modify and use it   I would to hear from u abt improvements
///      ************************************************
///           ritesh_ranjan007@yahoo.com
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

#include< dos.h >

unsigned int mousex,mousey,mouseb;   // global varialble

void showmouse();
void hidemouse();
void readmouse();
void setmousexy();
void setminmaxx(int ,int);
void setminmaxy(int, int);

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////

void showmouse()
{
   _AX=0x1;
   geninterrupt(0x33);
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void hidemouse()
{
   _AX=0x2;
   geninterrupt(0x33);
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////
void readmouse()
{
_AX=0x3;
geninterrupt(0x33);
mouseb=_BX;
mousex=_CX;
mousey=_DX;
}

///////////////// move mouse to x,y /////////////////////
void setmousexy(int x,int y)
{
_AX=0x4;
_CX=x;
_DX=y;
geninterrupt(0x33);
}
/////////////////// set max min x values /////////////////////////////

void setminmaxx(unsigned int min,unsigned int max)
{
_AX=0x7;
_CX=min;
_DX=max;
geninterrupt(0x33);
}

////////////////////// set max min y values /////////////////////////

void setminmaxy(unsigned int min,unsigned int max)
{
_AX=0x8;
_CX=min;
_DX=max;
geninterrupt(0x33);
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Image Processing - Code to filter color in MATLAB

2009-11-03T10:02:00.000-08:00

In this post we will learn to how filter color in Matlab. Matlab provide very good Image processing tool box with many ready made functions. Here I have illustrated a very basic method to filter color in Matlab. The concept is- in the 3D matrix of RGB color space, if the value at a particular pixel have more value in Red space than blue or Green, and if it is within a tolerance value then consider that pixel Red.
eg -

elseif im(i,j,1)>200 & im(i,j,2)<50 & im(i,j,3)<50
            white(i,j)=0;
            green(i,j)=0;
            blue(i,j)=0;
            red(i,j)=1;

Copy this code an save as .m file. then run this file.

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

% ------------------------@author:- RITESH RANJAN

% -------- visit:- http://programing-tutorial.blogspot.com/

% ------I have used a simple method. There are many more complex

%--------------- methods too that I will discuss Later

% ------------Just copy it save a .m file run in MATLAB 7 or higher
% ----------------Don't forget to change the name of Image file

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

clear;
im=imread('image.jpg'); %put image name here
imtool(im);
sz=size(im);

for i=1:sz(1)
    for j=1:sz(2)
        if im(i,j,1)>200 & im(i,j,2)>200 & im(i,j,3)>200
            white(i,j)=1;
            green(i,j)=0;
            blue(i,j)=0;
            red(i,j)=0;
        elseif im(i,j,1)>200 & im(i,j,2)<50 & im(i,j,3)<50
            white(i,j)=0;
            green(i,j)=0;
            blue(i,j)=0;
            red(i,j)=1;
        elseif im(i,j,1)<50 & im(i,j,2)>200 & im(i,j,3)<50
            white(i,j)=0;
            green(i,j)=1;
            blue(i,j)=0;
            red(i,j)=0;
        elseif im(i,j,1)<50 & im(i,j,2)<50 & im(i,j,3)>200
            white(i,j)=0;
            green(i,j)=0;
            blue(i,j)=1;
            red(i,j)=0;
        else
            white(i,j)=0;
            green(i,j)=0;
            blue(i,j)=0;
            red(i,j)=0;
       end
             end
end

imtool(white);
imtool(green);
imtool(blue);
imtool(red);

Image Proseesing - Extacting Shapes using OpenCV

2009-11-03T01:40:00.000-08:00

// This is a program to find SQUARE shape and Circle shape

#include "cv.h"
#include "cxcore.h"
#include "highgui.h"
#include < math.h >
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{

    IplImage* img=0;
    IplImage* gray=0;

    CvMemStorage* storage = cvCreateMemStorage(0);
    CvSeq* contours;

    img=cvLoadImage("shape.jpg");

    if(img==NULL)
    {
        printf("Error in opening image\n");
        return -1;
    }

    cvNamedWindow("win1",1);
    cvNamedWindow("win2",1);

    gray = cvCreateImage( cvSize(img->width, img->height), IPL_DEPTH_8U, 1 );
    cvCvtColor(img,gray,CV_BGR2GRAY );

    uchar *data;
    data=(uchar* )img->imageData;

    uchar *data_gray;
    data_gray=(uchar* )gray->imageData;

    int step_g=gray->widthStep;
    int step=img->widthStep;
    int channels=img->nChannels;



    for(int i=0;iheight;i=i++)
    {
        for(int j=0;jwidth;j++)
        {


            /////////////exracting white
             if( (data[i*step+j*channels+0]>200) && (data[i*step+j*channels+1]>200) && (data[i*step+j*channels+2]>220) )
                data_gray[i*step_g+j] = 255;

            else
                data_gray[i*step_g+j] = 0;

        }

    }

   // find counters in the gray image - object detection
    cvFindContours( gray, storage, &contours, sizeof(CvContour),
                    CV_RETR_EXTERNAL, CV_CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE , cvPoint(0,0) );



    double area;
    double p;
    double metric_s,metric_c;

// loop through all counturs

for( ; contours != 0; contours = contours->h_next )
    {
        area=fabs( cvContourArea(contours,CV_WHOLE_SEQ ) );
        p=fabs( cvArcLength( contours, CV_WHOLE_SEQ, -1) );

        // determine metric for circle
        metric_c=area*4*3.14/(p*p);
        metric_s=area*16/(p*p);

        if(metric_c > 0.75f && metric_s > 1.0f)
            printf(" circle \n");

        else if(metric_s > 0.9f && metric_c < 0.8f )
            printf(" square \n");

        else
            printf(" nothing ");

        printf("area = %lf perimeter=%lf metric_c=%lf metric_s=%lf\n",p,area,metric_c,metric_s);

    }

     cvShowImage("win1",img);
    cvShowImage("win2",gray);

    cvWaitKey(0);

    cvDestroyWindow("win1");
    cvDestroyWindow("win2");

    cvReleaseImage(&img);
    cvReleaseImage(&gray);




    //printf("Hello World!\n");
    return 0;
}

Anti virus for free

2009-11-01T10:23:00.000-08:00

There are so many people on the net trying to find a final solution to the biggest problem on earth for Window user -- VIRUS. The solution lies in installing a antivirus because of course windows is too lame to protect it self.

Now the biggest problem is which is the best anti-virus.According to the PCWorld the Kaspersky anti-virus stood third on the list of best anti virus. So without wasting any time lets see how we can install Kaspersky anti-virus for free. The biggest problem with the hacked version or craked version is you cannot Update your anti virus .

But using this trick you can not only have a free anti virus but also you can update it and protect your computer.For this we will use KASPERSKY -> Kaspersky 6.0.1.411 becoz it works only in this version. So you will have to down load it form http://kaspersky-antivirus.brothersoft.com/kaspersky-antivirus6.0.1.411

1- go To ( Start ) then ( Run )

2- Type ( regedit ) and press ( OK )

3- Go To ( HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\KasperskyLab\AVP6\Data ) & Right Click On ( Data ) & Choose ( Permissions )

4- Choose ( Advanced ) From The ( Permissions For Data ) New Window Opened

5- In ( Advanced Security Settings for Data ) Window .. There is a sentence which begin with ( Inherit from parent ... ) click on the nike or check mark to remove it

6- After Removing the check or nike mark you will get a new message .. choose from it ( Remove )

7- Then in ( Advanced Security Settings for Data ) click on ( Apply )

8- After Clicking Apply you will get a new message choose ( Yes )

9- After That Press ( OK ) In ( Advanced Security Settings for Data )

10- After That .. Press ( OK ) In ( Permissions For Data )

11- After That Make An ( Exit ) For ( KasperSky ) .. & Run It Again

12- You Will Notice That The Kaspersky Icon Is Not ( RED ) But Its ( GRAY ) Which means that the program is not activated

13- But if you opened it you will see all things are working perfect 100% Working.

What Happened To The Program After These Steps ?

- You Will update the kaspersky database manually ... no automatic updates.

- The windows security center will tell you that the firewall or\and antivirus is not working ... becoz you made the kaspersky seemed unactiviated. Actually the registry key you have edited stores the information about activation keys and all that. You actually not delected the key but you have prevented the kaspersky form reading it by denying permissions.

Note:- To uninstall you have to undo the steps above. To have to grand all permision to the key above. Also After installing you have to update the Kaspersky before you continue. Because Kaspersky 6 is petty old an you must have a updated version for complete virus protection.

Play Video in Ms Paint, Photoshop, and in MSWord

2009-11-01T09:54:00.000-08:00

Yes you can really Play video in Ms paint. But that doesn't mean that MsPaint have a built in player.

This is just a trick that can be played by using VLC. First you have to enable wallpaper mode in VLC .

Just follow these steps http://programing-tutorial.blogspot.com/2009/10/set-any-video-as-your-desktop-wallpaper.html

Now what you have to do is to press "Print SysRq" to print System Screen.

Now open MsPaint , select new file and press crt+v to paste the clipboard content in msPaint.

---- Now you will see a video playing in the paint.

---DO the same for PHOTOSHOP , select a new file and take a PrintScreen and press crt+v.
-- The same applies for MSWord too. Even where ever you can paste a picture you will see video running.

:) njoy

Linking and configuring OpenCV with Visual C++ .Net

2009-10-30T13:29:00.000-07:00

In my eailer posts I have written how to Link Opencv Library in VC++ visula studio 6 and in Bloodshed's DEVC++. Now we will learn how to Link and configue OpenCV with Visual C++ .Net.

Linking DLLs:

•    To permanantly include necessary dll files, add "C:\Program Files\OpenCV\bin" to PATH by visiting Advanced tab in System of Windows (the locate of directory might be different).
•    One can just copy necessary dll files into project directory with source files.

Customize Global Options:
•    Open the Visual C++ .Net Application. In the menu bar, select Tools->Options
•    In the listing, choose Projects->VC++ Directories.
•    First, select Library files from the "Show Directories for" List Box.
•    Click the Insert New icon, and locate the folder where you have installed opencv.
•    Consider that it is installed in "C:/Program Files/OpenCV".
•    In the Library files list, locate and add:

"C:\Program Files\OpenCV\lib"

• Now choose Include files in the list box, and locate and add the following directories:

"C:\Program Files\OpenCV\cv\include"

"C:\Program Files\OpenCV\cxcore\include"

"C:\Program Files\OpenCV\otherlibs\highgui"

"C:\Program Files\OpenCV\cvaux\include"

"C:\Program Files\OpenCV\otherlibs\_graphics\include

Next, choose source files in the list box, and locate and add the following directories:

"C:\Program Files\OpenCV\cv\src"

"C:\Program Files\OpenCV\cxcore\src"

"C:\Program Files\OpenCV\cvaux\src"

"C:\Program Files\OpenCV\otherlibs\highgui"

"C:\Program Files\OpenCV\otherlibs\_graphics\src"

Now click OK in the Options dialog.

•    You have successfully configured the global settings.
Create New Project:
•    Within Developer Studio create new application:
•    Select from menu "File"->"New..."->"Projects" tab.
•    Choose "Win32 Application" or "Win32 console application" - the latter is the easier variant and both the sample projects have this type.

Type the project name and choose location
• Click Ok.. In the Application Wizard, Just click Finish.

Nokia Codes Tips and Tricks

2009-10-30T13:10:00.000-07:00

IMEI number: * # 0 6 #
Software version: * # 0 0 0 0 # or * # 9 9 9 9 # or * # 3 1 1 0 #
Simlock info: * # 9 2 7 0 2 6 8 9 #
NOKIA 3330
*#06#
This will show your warranty details *#92702689#
*3370#
Basically increases the quality of calling sound, but decreases battery length.
#3370#
Deactivates the above
*#0000#
Shows your software version
*#746025625# This shows if your phone will allow sim clock stoppage
*4370#
Half Rate Codec activation. It will automatically restart
#4370#
Half Rate Codec deactivation. It will automatically restart
Restore Factory Settings
To do this simply use this code *#7780#
Manufacturer Info
Date of Manufacturing *#3283#
*3001#12345# (TDMA phones only)

press and hold # Lets you switch between lines

NOKIA5110/5120/ 5130/5190

IMEI number: * # 0 6 #
Software version: * # 0 0 0 0 #
Simlock info: * # 9 2 7 0 2 6 8 9 #
Enhanced Full Rate: * 3 3 7 0 # [ # 3 3 7 0 # off]
Half Rate: * 4 7 2 0 #
Provider lock status: #pw+1234567890+ 1
Network lock status #pw+1234567890+ 2
Provider lock status: #pw+1234567890+ 3
SimCard lock status: #pw+1234567890+ 4
NOKIA 6110/6120/6130/ 6150/6190
IMEI number: * # 0 6 #
Software version: * # 0 0 0 0 #
Simlock info: * # 9 2 7 0 2 6 8 9 #
Enhanced Full Rate: * 3 3 7 0 # [ # 3 3 7 0 # off]

(11) #pw+1234567890+ 4# SIM Card Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w" Go to Top
and "+" symbols).

(12) *#147# (vodafone) this lets you know who called you last.

(13) *#1471# Last call (Only vodofone).

(14) *#21# Allows you to check the number that "All Calls" are diverted to

(15) *#2640# Displays security code in use.

(16) *#30# Lets you see the private number.

(17) *#43# Allows you to check the "Call Waiting" status of your phone.

(18) *#61# Allows you to check the number that "On No Reply" calls are diverted to.

(19) *#62# Allows you to check the number that "Divert If Unreachable (no service)" calls
are diverted to.

(20) *#67# Allows you to check the number that "On Busy Calls" are diverted to.

(21) *#67705646# Removes operator logo on 3310 & 3330.

Few more codes

(3) *#4720# Activate Half Rate Codec - Your phone uses a lower quality sound but you should gain approx 30%

more Talk Time.

(4) *#4720# Deactivate Half Rate Codec.

(5) *#0000# Displays your phones software version, 1st Line : Software Version, 2nd Line : Software Release

Date, 3rd Line : Compression Type.

(6) *#9999# Phones software version if *#0000# does not work.

(7) *#06# For checking the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI Number).

(8) #pw+1234567890+ 1# Provider Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w"
and "+" symbols).

(9) #pw+1234567890+ 2# Network Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w"
and "+" symbols).

(10) #pw+1234567890+ 3# Country Lock Status. (use the "*" button to obtain the "p,w"
and "+" symbols).

This will put your phone into programming mode, and you'll be presented with the programming menu.
2) Select "NAM1"
3) Select "PSID/RSID"
4) Select "P/RSID 1"
Note: Any of the P/RSIDs will work
5) Select "System Type" and set it to Private
6) Select "PSID/RSID" and set it to 1
7) Select "Connected System ID"
Note: Enter your System ID for Cantel, which is 16401 or 16423. If you don't know yours,
ask your local dealer for it.
8) Select "Alpha Tag"
9) Enter a new tag, then press OK
10) Select "Operator Code (SOC)" and set it to 2050
11) Select "Country Code" and set it to 302 for Canada, and 310 for the US.
12) Power down the phone and power it back on again
ISDN Code
To check the ISDN number on your Nokia use this code *#92772689

Set any video as your desktop wallpaper.

2009-10-30T12:59:00.001-07:00

This is a pretty simple trickk using which you can set any video as your desktop wallpaper.

Just follow the steps given below:

1.Download VLC Media Player and install it.
http://www.videolan.org/vlc/download-windows.html

2.Run VLC media player,go to Settings->preferences->Interface->Main interfaces,then click on wxWidgets.Remove the tick on "Taskbar" and put a tick on "Systray icon".

FOR Version 9.6+ of VLC - ,go to Tools->Preferences->Video,then put a tick on "Enable wallpaper mode ".

3.Now go to Video->Output Modules->DirectX.On the bottom right put a tick on advanced options check box.You will now see some options.Put a tick on "Enable Wallpaper Mode ".

FOR Version 9.6+ of VLC :- Just go to Video and check "DirectX Wallpaper".

4.Now,select playlist and put a check or tick on "Repeat current item ".
FOR Version 9.6+ of VLC :- You don't need this step.

5.Press the Save button.Now close the VLC player and run it again(to save the settings permanently).

6.Now play any video you would like to set as Wallpaper.Right click on the video and click on "Wallpaper".The video would be set as your wallpaper!!!!
FOR Version 9.6+ of VLC:- check "DirectX Wallpaper".

Since you have checked the option "repeat current item ",the selected video will play on continuously.It will start again when finished.VLC player will remain in your system tray.If you wish to remove the wallpaper simply close the player and you will get back your original wallpaper.

Microsoft Windows Run command

2009-10-30T12:56:00.000-07:00

On the Microsoft Windows operating system, the Run command is used to directly open an application or document whose path is known. It functions more or less like a single-line command line interface.

Starting with Windows 95, the Run command is accessible through the Start menu and also through the shortcut key. (Windows key + R).

Although the Run command is still present in Windows Vista, it no longer appears directly on the Start menu by default, in favor of the new search box and a shortcut to the Run command in the Accessories sub-menu.

Here is the list of run commands :-

# Accessibility Controls - access.cpl
# Accessibility Wizard - accwiz
# Add Hardware Wizard - hdwwiz.cpl
# Add/Remove Programs - appwiz.cpl
# Administrative Tools - control admintools
# Automatic Updates - wuaucpl.cpl
# Bluetooth Transfer Wizard - fsquirt
# Calculator - calc
# Certificate Manager - certmgr.msc
# Character Map - charmap
# Check Disk Utility - chkdsk
# Clipboard Viewer - clipbrd
# Command Prompt - cmd
# Component Services - dcomcnfg
# Computer Management - compmgmt.msc
# Control Panel - control
# Date and Time Properties - timedate.cpl
# DDE Shares - ddeshare
# Device Manager - devmgmt.msc
# Direct X Troubleshooter - dxdiag
# Disk Cleanup Utility - cleanmgr
# Disk Defragment - dfrg.msc
# Disk Management - diskmgmt.msc
# Disk Partition Manager - diskpart
# Display Properties - control desktop
# Display Properties - desk.cpl
# Dr. Watson System Troubleshooting Utility - drwtsn32
# Driver Verifier Utility - verifier
# Event Viewer - eventvwr.msc
# Files and Settings Transfer Tool - migwiz
# File Signature Verification Tool - sigverif
# Findfast - findfast.cpl
# Firefox - firefox
# Folders Properties - control folders
# Fonts - control fonts
# Fonts Folder - fonts
# Free Cell Card Game - freecell
# Game Controllers - joy.cpl
# Group Policy Editor (for xp professional) - gpedit.msc
# Hearts Card Game - mshearts
# Help and Support - helpctr
# HyperTerminal - hypertrm
# Iexpress Wizard - iexpress
# Indexing Service - ciadv.msc
# Internet Connection Wizard - icwconn1
# Internet Explorer - iexplore
# Internet Properties - inetcpl.cpl
# Keyboard Properties - control keyboard
# Local Security Settings - secpol.msc
# Local Users and Groups - lusrmgr.msc
# Logs You Out Of Windows - logoff
# Malicious Software Removal Tool - mrt
# Microsoft Chat - winchat
# Microsoft Movie Maker - moviemk
# Microsoft Paint - mspaint
# Microsoft Syncronization Tool - mobsync
# Minesweeper Game - winmine
# Mouse Properties - control mouse
# Mouse Properties - main.cpl
# Netmeeting - conf
# Network Connections - control netconnections
# Network Connections - ncpa.cpl
# Network Setup Wizard - netsetup.cpl
# Notepad notepad
# Object Packager - packager
# ODBC Data Source Administrator - odbccp32.cpl
# On Screen Keyboard - osk
# Outlook Express - msimn
# Paint - pbrush
# Password Properties - password.cpl
# Performance Monitor - perfmon.msc
# Performance Monitor - perfmon
# Phone and Modem Options - telephon.cpl
# Phone Dialer - dialer
# Pinball Game - pinball
# Power Configuration - powercfg.cpl
# Printers and Faxes - control printers
# Printers Folder - printers
# Regional Settings - intl.cpl
# Registry Editor - regedit
# Registry Editor - regedit32
# Remote Access Phonebook - rasphone
# Remote Desktop - mstsc
# Removable Storage - ntmsmgr.msc
# Removable Storage Operator Requests - ntmsoprq.msc
# Resultant Set of Policy (for xp professional) - rsop.msc
# Scanners and Cameras - sticpl.cpl
# Scheduled Tasks - control schedtasks
# Security Center - wscui.cpl
# Services - services.msc

# Shared Folders - fsmgmt.msc
# Shuts Down Windows - shutdown
# Sounds and Audio - mmsys.cpl
# Spider Solitare Card Game - spider
# SQL Client Configuration - cliconfg
# System Configuration Editor - sysedit
# System Configuration Utility - msconfig
# System Information - msinfo32
# System Properties - sysdm.cpl
# Task Manager - taskmgr
# TCP Tester - tcptest
# Telnet Client - telnet
# User Account Management - nusrmgr.cpl
# Utility Manager - utilman
# Windows Address Book - wab
# Windows Address Book Import Utility - wabmig
# Windows Explorer - explorer
# Windows Firewall - firewall.cpl
# Windows Magnifier - magnify
# Windows Management Infrastructure - wmimgmt.msc
# Windows Media Player - wmplayer
# Windows Messenger - msmsgs
# Windows System Security Tool - syskey
# Windows Update Launches - wupdmgr
# Windows Version - winver
# Windows XP Tour Wizard - tourstart
# Wordpad - write

Windows DOS commands VS unix commands

2009-10-30T12:50:00.000-07:00

Hi all this is a comparison of DOs commands VS unix commands. As contary to Unix commands Doc commands are not that much famous. But this table will help you to compare the commands and to use them.

DOS Command	UNIX or Bash Command	Action
DIR	ls -l (or use ls -lF)(-a all files) (df -k Space remaining on filesystem)	List directory contents
DIR . /o-d DIR . /v /os DIR /s DIR /aa	ls -tr ls -ls ls -R ls -a	List directory contents by reverse time of modification/creation. List files and size List directory/sub-directory contents recursively. List hidden files.
TREE	ls -R	List directory recursivly
CD	cd	Change directory
MKDIR MD	mkdir	Make a new directory
ASSIGN	ln	Create a file or directory link
RMDIR RD	rmdir	Remove a directory
CHDIR	pwd	Display directory location
DEL ERASE	rm -iv	Remove a file
RMDIR /S (NT) DELTREE (Win 95...)	rm -R	Remove all directories and files below given directory
COPY	cp -piv	Copy a file
XCOPY	cp -R	Copy all file of directory recursivly
RENAME or MOVE	mv -iv	Rename/move a file
TYPE	cat	Dump contents of a file to users screen
MORE	more	Pipe output a single page at a time
HELP or COMMAND /?	man	Online manuals
CLS	clear ctrl-l	Clear screen
EXIT EXIT0	exit exit 0	Exit a shell
FIND FINDSTR	grep	Look for a word in files given in command line
COMP	diff	Compare two files and show differences. Also see comm, cmp, mgdiff and tkdiff.
FC	diff	Compare two files and show differences. Also see comm, cmp, mgdiff and tkdiff.
SET	set and env	List all environment variables
SET variable=value echo %variable%	set export variable=value echo $variable	Set environment variables Show environment variables
ECHO text	echo text	Echo text to screen
SET variable	setenv (for C shell) or export VAR=val (for Korn shell. Also VAR=val)	Set environment variables
PATH PATH %PATH%;C:\DIR	echo $PATH PATH=$PATH:/dir	Display search path for executables. Set PATH environment variable.
PROMPT $p$g	export PS1='\h(\u)\W> '	Set user command prompt.
DATE or TIME	date	Show date. (also set date - DOS only)
DOSKEY /h	history	List command history
DOSKEY NAME=command	alias NAME=command	Set command alias
BREAK ON	trap	Trap ctrl-break / Trap signals.
SORT	sort	Sort data alphabetically/numerically
EDLIN	ed	Line mode editor
EDIT filename.txt	pico, gnp, vi, xedit, xemacs,dtpad	Edit a file. The Linux editor which looks most like DOS edit is probably Pico. (Not a recomendation!)
BACKUP files A:\	tar -cvf /dev/fd0 files mdir, mcopy doswrite -a file (AIX only)	Save files to floppy. See Using DOS floppies
RESTORE A:\ files	tar -xvf /dev/fd0 files mdir, mcopy dosread -a file (AIX only)	Read files from floppy. See Using DOS floppies
ATTRIB [+r\|-r] [+a\|-a] [+s\|-s] [path\file] /s	chmod	Change file permissions. DOS: +:set to -:remove r:Read only a:Archive s:System /s:recursively
ATTRIB +h or -h	mv file .file	Change file to a hidden file - rename file with prefix "."
PRINT	lpr	Print a file
CALL COMMAND /C (DOS), CMD (NT)	source script (cshrc) . script (bash) sh script	Execute script from within batch shell.
MEM	free top	Show free memory on system
TASKLIST (WIN2K, XP)	ps -aux top	List executable name, process ID number and memory usage of active processes
MSD	lsdev	Show system info (Command borrowed from AIX)
SCANDISK DEFRAG C:	fsck debugfs	Check and repair hard drive file system
CHDISK	du -s	Disk usage.
FDISK	fdisk	Tool to partition a hard drive.
SUBST V: C:\directory\path	mount	Mount a drive letter to a folder/directory on your hard drive.
FORMAT	mke2fs See: fdformat and mformat for floppies	Format drive file system.
VER	uname -a echo $SHELL cat /etc/issue	Operating system/shell version
pkzip	tar and zip	Compress and uncompress files/directories. Use tar to create compilation of a directory before compressing. Linux also has compress, gzip
HOSTNAME	hostname	Print host name of computer
PING	ping	Send packets to a network host
TRACERT	traceroute	Show routes and router hops to given network destination.
IPCONFIG (NT) WINIPCFG (Win 95...)	ifconfig	Display/configure network interface
NBTSTAT (Netbios info: -n, -c) NBTSTAT -a host-name NBTSTAT -A IP-address	nslookup host-name host host-name	Print DNS info for host.
ROUTE PRINT	route -n	Print routing table.
NET HELP START	chkconfig --list \|grep on	List services.
NET STARTservice-name NET STOPservice-name	service service-name start service service-name stop	Start/stop service/daemon.
NET SHARES	df	Show mounted shares/filesystems.
NET SEND (NT)	smbclient -M MS-Windows-host-name talk	Send pop-up to a MS/Windows PC Send message to another Unix/Linux user. See YoLinux tutorial
WIN	startx	Start X-Windows.
REBOOT	shutdown -r now	Reboot system.

Open CV Tutorial sample program and Linking Opencv in VC++

2009-10-30T12:12:00.000-07:00

This a very basic program which loads an image and show in a window. Though it is simple it will help you to understand how opencv works, what are different structures used in opencv and to to complie a simple file.

So lets under the program.

There are mainly 4 libraies in opencv. which are most used. We are using three here

cv - Main OpenCV functions.
cvaux - Auxiliary (experimental) OpenCV functions.
cxcore - Data structures and linear algebra support.
highgui - GUI functions.

// include the open cv libraries
#include "cv.h"
#include "cxcore.h"
#include "highgui.h"

int main()
{
    IplImage *img=0; // declear an IplImage structure pointer "img"
    img=cvLoadImage("test.jpg",CV_LOAD_IMAGE_UNCHANGED);// load test image to img variable

    cvNamedWindow("image",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);// create window to image
    cvShowImage("image",img);//show image

    cvWaitKey(0);// wait window to close

    cvDestroyAllWindows();//destroy window
    cvReleaseImage(&img);//release the memory occupied by the image

    return 0;
}

Now let us see how to write your 1st image processing program in VC++. For this:-

Open the VC++.Goto file menu in top left. Select new. This will open a new window. Select project tab and select "win32 Consol Application".Write any project name and select the destiantion folder.

Now click OK. Then you will be greeted with a second window. Select A "Hello World" application and click the finish button.
Select Project|Settings… option.
Select the C/C++ tab and the category Preprocessor
Add the following directories to additional include directories
C:\Program Files\OpenCV\cv\include
C:\Program Files\OpenCV\otherlibs\highgui
C:\Program Files\OpenCV\cxcore\include

Select now the Link Tab, category Input.
Add to additional library path the following directories
C:\Program Files\OpenCV\lib

Finally select the category General of the Link tab
Add the following libraries to library modules
cv.lib highgui.lib cxcore.lib cvaux.lib

Setup is valid for the current project .Add all these directories to the global search path
they will always be active each time you create a new project .

Now Compile and Run the program.

Linking OpenCV library in DEVC++

2009-10-30T10:27:00.000-07:00

Configuration of Dev-C++

OpenCV - OpenCV is a computer vision library originally developed by Intel. It is free for commercial and research use under the open source BSD license.OpenCV provides cross-platform middle-to-high level API that includes about 300 C functions and a few C++ classes. Also there are constantly improving Python bindings to OpenCV, see interfaces/swig/python and samples/python. OpenCV has no strict dependencies on external libraries, though it can use some (such as libjpeg, ffmpeg, GTK+ etc.).

I found opencv very fast as compared to other image processing libraries namely the tool box provided by MATLAB. But to use it you have to learn how to link it in you favorite IDE. In this post I am posting the linking of opencv library in my favorite IDE DEVC++ by BloodShed. Bloodshed Dev-C++ is distributed under the GNU General Public License. and free for use as compared to Microsoft's VisualC++. Moreover it produces a minimal no of file while compiling. One other feature of DEVc++ is that it is easy to link opencv in it.

For this tutorial I assume that you have installed opencv in C:\ drive of WINDOWS.

[NOTE- For OpenCV 2 or Higher versions see here how to integrate it with DEV C++ ]

In Dev-C++ open the menu "Tools->Compiler options".
In the first tab("Compiler") you need to check the box "Add these commands to the linker command line" and type the following line in the text bow below:
-lhighgui -lcv -lcxcore -lcvaux -lcvcam

Go to the sub-tab "Libraries" in the tab "Directories" and add there C:\Program Files\OpenCV\lib to the paths:

Now switch to the sub-tabs "C Includes" and "C++ Includes" and add this paths:
C:\Program Files\OpenCV\cxcore\include
C:\Program Files\OpenCV\cv\include
C:\Program Files\OpenCV\otherlibs\highgui
C:\Program Files\OpenCV\cvaux\include
C:\Program Files\OpenCV\otherlibs\cvcam\include

Rename the Recycle Bin of Windows

2009-10-30T09:03:00.000-07:00

For quite some I have trying to find out ways to rename the Recycle bin seen on the desktop of Windows operating system. I found quite some very interesting methods. So I am listing all these methods step by step. This Windows Registry Hacking works in Windows XP.

Method I - Using registry -

Click Start > Run > and type regedit. This will start the Windows Registry Editor.
Now you have to go to the key form where you can rename the recycle bin. The key is HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Windows\ShellNoRoam\MUICache
Click in right panel and select the key named '@C:\WINDOWS\system32\SHELL32.dll,-8964'. Now right click the key and select modify. Change the vale "Recycle Bin" to whatever you want.

Fig 1 Click to enlarge

Fig 2 Click to enlarge

Method II - Using Resigtry Editor Only Once (easy) -

First step is same as above. You have to lanuch Windows Registry Editor. So Click Start > Run > and type regedit.
Go to the key HKEY_CURRENT_USER/CLSID/645FF040-5081-101B-9F08-00AA002F954E/ShellFolder
Click in right panel and select the key named 'Attributes'. Now right click the key and select modify. Change the value 40 01 00 20 to 70 01 00 20.
Now you don't have to goto registry any more to rename. Now go to desktop right-click on the recycle bin and choose explore.
. In the left pane of Explorer, select Recycle Bin and press F2 to Rename.

Fig 3 Change the value to 70 01 00 20

(Click to enlarge)

Fig 4: Press F2 to rename(Click to enlarge)

note:- Be careful while editing registry. An error can make your system unusable. Use at your own risk.

How to access parallel port in MATLAB

2009-10-29T01:38:00.000-07:00

Have you ever wondered how you can use and access parallel port using Matlab. This post give a very easy and basic method of accessing and using Parallel port using Matlab. But first of all lets learn a bit about Parallel port.

Parallel port configuration

A typical Parallel port

This is a typical type of port you usually find in the back of your PC. Other external port such as USB or serial port requires more complex sending and data receiving algorithms. But by using 8 data pins in parallel port you can easily send a byte of data. That's why Parallel Port is the most commonly used port for interfacing home made projects. Here is a good tutorial about parallel port configurations.

Now lets learn to access Parallel port using Matlab for your project.

You can easily access parallel port in Matlab

paraport=digitalio('parallel','LPT1');

by this u create a digital i/o object

line1=addline(paraport,0:3,'out');

this tells matlab to use first 4 data pins as output pin

pval=[0 0 0 1];

putvalue(paraport,pval);
this sends 1 value 2 pinno- 2.

A nice trick in notepad

2009-10-29T01:36:00.000-07:00

Actually this thing i found out in net accidentally ........

Did you know that the flight number of the plane that had hit WTC ...on
9/11 was Q33N ....Open your Notepad in ur computer and type the flight
number i.e Q33N... Increase the Font Size to 72, Change the Font to
Wingdings. U will be amazed by the findings.

File locking using bat program

2009-10-29T01:33:00.000-07:00

hi all ....

copy this in a note pad .... rename it to lock.bat .... now u have to put
passwd ...in the place >>>> set/p "pass=>xxxxx" ...... in the below programm...

now what you have to do it run that bat file ... a folder called lock will be created

now ... put what ever you wish to in it ...

then again run the program

....what it does it renames lock folder to

Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B303

09D}

but this is the address of control panel .... so when you click it control panel will open

copy this >>>>>>

cls
@ECHO OFF
title Folder Locker
if EXIST "Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B303

09D}" goto UNLOCK
if NOT EXIST Locker goto MDLOCKER
:CONFIRM
echo Are you sure u want to Lock the folder(Y/N)
set/p "cho=>"
if %cho%==Y goto LOCK
if %cho%==y goto LOCK
if %cho%==n goto END
if %cho%==N goto END
echo Invalid choice.
goto CONFIRM
:LOCK
ren Locker "Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}"
attrib +h +s "Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}"
echo Folder locked
goto End
:UNLOCK
echo Enter password to Unlock folder
set/p "pass=>"
if NOT %pass%==type your password here goto FAIL
attrib -h -s "Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}"
ren "Control Panel.{21EC2020-3AEA-1069-A2DD-08002B30309D}" Locker
echo Folder Unlocked successfully
goto End
:FAIL
echo Invalid password
goto end
:MDLOCKER
md Locker
echo Locker created successfully
goto End
:End

Hide files in image

2009-10-29T01:28:00.000-07:00

Here is new trick 4 all of you .... you can hide zipped files in images ... such as .jpg or .jpeg .......

The file will be an image. If some one cilck to open it , it will be shown as image but it will contain the zipped file.

Here it goes:-

First zip the file which you want to hide .... using winrar now ... suppose it is test.rarand the image in which you want to hide is img.jpg
Now goto command promt
Goto destination folder using cd
Then type copy /b img.jpg + test.rar img.jpg

It is done. This img.jpg contains your test.rar.
o extrat it :-open image with winrar and then you will find test.rar .Click on extract button and you are done.

njoy:)

SHUTDOWN Shortcut in windows desktop

2009-10-29T01:25:00.000-07:00

Navigate to your desktop. On the desktop, right-click and go to New, then to Shortcut (in other words, create a new shortcut).

You should now see a pop-up window instructing you to enter a command line path.Use this path in "Type Location of the Item"SHUTDOWN -s -t 01

If the C: drive is not your local hard drive, then replace "C" with the correct letter of the hard drive. Click the "Next" button. Name the shortcut and click the "Finish" button.

Now whenever you want to shut down, just click on this shortcut and you're done.

Create picture back ground in all drives

2009-10-29T01:16:00.000-07:00

Are you getting bored with the usual backgrounds in you drive in Windows. Don't there is a trick which you can do it. You need to Hack the windows. Don't worry it is quite simple :).

Copy the code this and paste it in any drive using notepad .... rename it to desktop.ini

[{BE098140-A513-11D0-A3A4-00C04FD706EC}]
iconarea_image=

iconarea_text=0x00FFFFFF

eg. -

[{BE098140-A513-11D0-A3A4-00C04FD706EC}]
iconarea_image=C:\WINDOWS\Web\Wallpaper\cc.jpg

iconarea_text=0x00FFFFFF

Airtel tune in C program

2009-10-29T01:13:00.000-07:00

/* compile n execute the code */
#include< stdio.h >
#include< dos.h >

int main(void)
{
printf("Airtel song --- from http://programing-tutorial.blogspot.com/");
float A,Bb,D,G,F;
A = 440;
G = 780;
Bb = 461;
D = 586;
F = 687;
sound(G);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(2*D);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(2*Bb);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(F);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
sound(2*Bb);
delay(500);
sound(2*A);
delay(500);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(D);
delay(500);
nosound();
//end 1
sound(G);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(2*D);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(2*Bb);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(F);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
sound(2*Bb);
delay(500);
sound(2*A);
delay(500);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(D);
delay(500);
nosound();
//end 2
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
sound(2*Bb);
delay(500);
sound(2*A);
delay(500);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(D);
delay(500);
nosound();
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(G);
delay(250);
nosound();
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(2*A);
delay(250);
sound(2*Bb);
delay(500);
sound(2*A);
delay(500);
sound(G);
delay(250);
sound(F);
delay(250);
sound(D);
delay(500);
nosound();
return 0;
}

Block site without any software

2009-10-29T00:56:00.000-07:00

I was trying to block few site in my comp ..... and finally
I found out a very simple method to do it ....

Browse to C:\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc

Find the file named "HOSTS" .....open it with wordpad

Under "127.0.0.1 localhost" Add "127.0.0.2 www.abc.com" ,
and that site will no longer be access able.

eg:- .....
127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.0.2 www.abc.com

www.abc.com is now inaccessible able.

figure - click to enlarge

Starwars in windows

2009-10-29T00:53:00.000-07:00

hi all .......
Are you getting bored ..... wanna do some thing new ... how about viewing star wars ....
believe me ..... u can see it now ....

connect to Internet

Go to Start -->--> Run
Type
telnet towel.blinkenlights.nl
And hit enter.........

Njoy ......

Hacking windows - Rename Start button

2009-10-28T22:00:00.000-07:00

You must always wonder that why is the button in the left corner is named start. That what I thought when I saw a pc for the first time in my life. :) When I owned a PC I alwalys thought that is there any method to rename it. Very soon I found out and it was really more easy than i thought.

One of the most famous and talked hack of windows explorer is hacking the start button to rename it. I came to know about this hack in a famous book of 'Ankit Fadia' - Unofficial guide to ethical hacking. But later I found out many other easy methods to do so. so basically there a few methods to .

Popular- The most popular method is to use a hex editor. First, open up the Windows Explorer file and edit the 'start' string if you can find it in the file. Then, you will have to make
some changes to the system file protection to allow you to run a hacked version of Explorer. After you have made those changes, you have to boot into Safe mode and swap the Explorer.
Ankit Fadiya's way - Open the window in text mode. Open the explorer in using edit command and then find the 'start' string to rename it. In this case you are actually modifying the original explorer file. This is the method given in Ankit Fadiya's book.
Easy way - All the above method is too complicated and has a lot of unnecessary steps. I found a better way to do this. Using my method, you will not have to mess with the system file protection at all, boot into Safe mode, or even be limited to five characters on the Start button.

So let’s get started with the last method:

First, you will need to have a hacking tool- ' Thee Resource Hacker' . If don't have a copy of Resource Hacker, you can download it from http://www.angusj.com/resourcehacker/ . Once you have Resource Hacker , go to the next step.
You will have to open up the Windows Explorer main file, called explorer.exe in Resource hacker. This file is stored in the C:\Windows directory.To open the file up, click the file menu bar item in Resouce Hacker and select Open, then just navigate over to the Windows directory and select explorer.exe.
When explorer.exe is loaded, you should see a bunch of folders on the left side of the
screen. Expand the String Table folder and then expand the 37 folder and select 1033.
You will not see a bunch of text on the right side of the screen. Locate where it says
"Start", and replace it with the text that you want to use, say"Hacked”. Make sure that you only enter your text between the quotes.
Next, you will have to click the Compile Script button. See the Figure (click to enlarge).
Now, you have to save the file that you just edited and recompiled. Click the File menu bar item again and this time select Save As. Then save the file with a name other than explorer.exe , say Hackedexplorer.exe.
You are now finished hacking the Explorer file. You can close the Resource Hacker. Now
you just have to tell Windows to use your new Explorer file the next time you log in.To
do this, click the Start button and select Run and Type regedit in the box and click OK.
Next, when the Registry Editor is loaded, expand HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
SOFTWARE, Microsoft,Windows NT, CurrentVersion, and Winlogon.Inside the WinLogon folder, you will have to look for the Shell entry. Right-click it and select Modify.
Type in the name of the file that you saved in Step 6. Here we have used “Hackedexplorer.exe” so that is what we will have replace all of the text with. See the figure-
When you are finished, click OK to save your changes. Close the Registry
Editor because you are finished with the hack.
Just log off and log back on or restart to see the new changes in effect.

In Case of problem:- If you did not edit the registry correctly, such as specifying the exact correct file as the value for shell, you will not be able to use your computer properly because Explorer will not load.

If that is the case, y will need to start up Explorer manually by pressing Ctrl + Alt +Delete to bring up the Task Manager. click the New Task button on the Applications tab and type in regedit. This will launch the Registry Editor again so that you can edit the shell entry again. Make sure that you type in the full correct file name with the extension as the value.
If you want to revert to the original Windows Explorer with Start as the text on the Start button, just change this value back to explorer.exe. Then just log off your computer by using the shutdown menu bar item in the Task Manager and you will be back to normal when you log back on.

Create a simple Album using Java script

2009-10-11T08:21:00.000-07:00

When ever I saw fancy picture albums in I always wonder how I can create a simple album using java script. Well when I learned javascript I found it quite simple. You need to know very basic CSS, JAVA script and a bit HTML. So lets learn how to make a very simple album using Java Script. We will learn it in steps.

Create a file in folder. Name it to say 'Album'. Now Create a folder in it and name it say 'images'.
Now create a text file and rename it to 'album.html'
Now open album.html in you favorite text editor. I prefer using Nodepad++ . you can download it from http://sourceforge.net/projects/notepad-plus/files/
Now we will write the code. First add html and head tag.
Add a title tag. eg- <>Album< /title >
Now before the < /head > you have to add the script required.
Add the folllowing script. We will under stand the script in details later. -

< type="text/javascript">
var count=1; //counter
var IMG_NO=8; // set no of images
var imgUrl = new Array(); // image urls array

function init(){

// set image urls
imgUrl[1]="images/img1.jpg"; // your file name
imgUrl[2]="images/img2.jpg";
// and so on for all images ...

// call slideShow function
slideShow();
}

function slideShow() // function to show Images
{

var d=document.getElementById("img1");
d.src=imgUrl[count];
count++;
if(count > IMG_NO)
count=1;
// call the same function in 2 sec
setTimeout("slideShow()",2000);
}

< /script >

Now we have to make a area in the page to show image. So we will create a div and in side that we will have to write a <> tag with id='img1'.
ID is just like a unique name to a object in the web page. Using this you can access the that element using java script function document.getElementByID(' id');.
Note that in the javascript above we are calling the document.getElementByID(' img1'); .
In my example see how I have written inside body tag-

< onload="init()">

< class="div1">
< class="img1" id="img1">
< /div >

< /body >

I have defined a class if the div as "div1". and a class for the img as "img1".

< type="text/css">
body{
background:#CCCCCC;
}
.div1{
top:70px;
left:202px;
position:absolute;
height:400px;
width:600px;
background:#333333;
border-color:#00FFFF;
border-bottom-width:thick;
}
.img1{
top:5px;
left:5px;
position:absolute;
height:390px;
width:590px;
}

< /style >

You must put this CSS before the < /head >
Its allmost done now.
See the demo at this page http://www.riteshranjan007.byethost7.com/programs/album.html